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dt 🌲 > 01 - Industry and Enterprise > Flashcards

01 - Industry and Enterprise Flashcards

1
Q

what is manufacturing?

A

a process in which several processes are carried out to convert raw materials to a finished product

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2
Q

define the term automation

A

the use of machines to do a task automatically with little human input

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3
Q

0

A

0

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4
Q

state three advantages of automation in the workplace

A
  • higher accuracy
  • better quality products
  • increase speed of production
  • can work in dangerous situations
  • don’t need to take breaks
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5
Q

state three disadvantages of automation in the workplace

A
  • can be expensive to set up and buy
  • cannot make human decisions (ie. if something goes wrong)
  • takes away jobs for people
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6
Q

how does technology help manufacturing processes?

A

to run more efficiently

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7
Q

how has smart technology made manufacturing efficient?

A
  • connects them with other machines and sensors to share data
  • can receive data and comment on stock levels
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8
Q

how does automation help tracking materials and products?

A
  • can monitor stock levels by scanning product barcode

- can monitor finished products by scanning product

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9
Q

how has automation impacted workplace layout?

A
  • doesn’t need to be wide, can be higher (since robots don’t have to turn)
  • 3D printing allows to move out of large factories (less space)
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10
Q

what are finite resources?

A
  • resources that are in limited supply, cannot be reproduced
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11
Q

what is a non-finite resource?

A
  • a resource which is in abundant supply
  • unlikely to be exhausted
  • it grows and replaced at the rate it is used
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12
Q

how is the sustainability measured for a product?

A
  • how long lasting and efficient it is
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13
Q

what are the two questions asked to see if a product is sustainable or not?

A
  • does the process need lots of energy?

- does it create a lot of waste or pollution?

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14
Q

name the five stages of the LCA

A
  • extraction of raw material
  • production
  • distribution
  • use
  • waste/reuse
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15
Q

What is the LCA used for?

A
  • for companies to find the environmental impact on a product
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16
Q

what does the LCA measure?

A
  • the measure of CO2 emission

- the ethics of a product

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17
Q

what does the extraction section in the LCA mean?

A
  • energy required to extract raw materials from the ground

- energy required to prepare them for manufacturing

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18
Q

what does the production section in the LCA represent?

A
  • energy required to manipulate raw materials for sale
19
Q

what does the distribution section in the LCA represent?

A
  • energy for package and transport to the user
20
Q

what does the use section in the LCA represent?

A
  • energy required for the product to function

ie. electricity or batteries

21
Q

how have international organisations encouraged recycling in companies?

A
  • charged more money for disposal of waste

- cheaper to recycle and reuse faulty products

22
Q

how have companies reduced their waste production?

A
  • neutralise CO2 emissions by planting trees
  • incorporate reusable technology
  • efficient buildings and appliances
23
Q

what are the benefits of recycling?

A
  • less raw materials required
24
Q

name 3 positive impacts of technologies

A
  • renewable energies used
  • renewable materials used
  • lower power consumption
  • fewer components
  • upgradable
  • sourced/produced locally
25
Q

name 3 negative impacts of technologies

A
  • overuse finite material
  • not designed to upgrade (obsolete)
  • fossil fuels manufacture
  • high power consumption
  • shipped globally
26
Q

what is the kaizen philosophy?

A

each individual worker making improvements to reduce waste + improve efficiency

27
Q

how does efficient working help companies?

A
  • less waste of resources
  • gains money
  • gives edge over competition
28
Q

why do products not sell well in all countries?

A

people from different countries have different taste

29
Q

what are the effects of an increase of global manufacturing?

A
  • products can be shipped and traded with internationally
  • manufacturers can sell goods easily online
  • consumers have more choice
  • products are cheaper (wider competition)
30
Q

describe the negative impact of a global market place for manufacturers

A

more competition internationally

31
Q

describe the negative impact of a global market place for consumers

A

causes environmental damage (since has to be transported from a far away place)

32
Q

why does being first to market with a new product give a company a competitive advantage?

A

because new technologies are quite expensive, and as the unit sales increases, the company makes a profit

33
Q

what is technology push?

A

when advances in technology drives the design of new products and redesign of others
CONSUMERS UNAWARE

34
Q

what is market pull?

A

when a product is made due to consumer demand

35
Q

how does market pull put pressure on companies?

A

to constantly improve their products so that they can keep their share of the market and attract new customers

36
Q

name a few reasons why products can fail

A
  • product is offensive to consumers
  • title is offensive to consumers
  • did not market correctly
  • design flaw
  • did not take culture factor to account
37
Q

why are designing products for mixed communities or cities difficult?

A
  • because you cannot factor everyone’s culture
  • some people may not like the product because it is aimed at someone else
  • some may find it offensive or racist to their culture
38
Q

what social factors should be considered when making a product?

A
  • religion
  • culture
  • language
  • history
39
Q

what happens during the testing process of a product?

A
  • a wide group of users are consulted

- checked that the product will not affect members of the community

40
Q

how has automation affected new jobs?

A
  • decreased need for manual labour

- causes jobs to be more high skilled and flexible (we will do jobs not heard of yet)

41
Q

how would you avoid insulting different religious groups?

A

communicate honestly and learn about religion

42
Q

what is crowdfunding?

A

practice of funding a project online by various people (they fund as an investment)

43
Q

what is virtual marketing?

A
  • promotional of a product or service

ie. paying google to put your website on the front page

44
Q

what is a co-operative?

A
  • a business owned and run by members (profits shared ohr equally)

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