01 Handout 1

Question 1

the set of computing hardware, network hardware, and topology, and system software employed by an organization

Answer 1

Technology architecture

Question 2

the set of information systems that the organization needs to support its strategic plan

Answer 2

Application architecture

Question 3

This architecture defines the infrastructure that supports application software and the services it provides

Answer 3

Technology architecture

Question 4

is deployed on a technology architecture by distributing application components to specific hardware devices and connecting them via networks and protocols

Answer 4

Application software

Question 5

Technology and application architecture are …

Answer 5

Interdependent

Question 6

Poor … provides a weak foundation for application software and can comprise its performance, reliability, and other characteristics

Answer 6

Technology architecture

Question 7

Good … enhances those characteristics and provides other benefits, such as minimal operating cost and flexible updating.

Answer 7

Technology architecture

Question 8

But high-quality technology architecture can’t make up for poor ….

Answer 8

Application architecture

Question 9

is a software that works behind the scenes to support application software and control or interact with hardware or software resources

Answer 9

System software

Question 10

What are the examples of a system software?

Answer 10

1. Operating systems
2. Database management systems
3. Web browsers and Web server software

Question 11

is software that performs user or business-specific tasks.

Answer 11

application software

Question 12

is something that we purchase rather than making or doing it ourselves.

Answer 12

service

Question 13

is a software delivery model similar to a utility, in which application software is accessed via the Internet without locally installed programs

Answer 13

Software as a service (SaaS)

Question 14

is a set of languages, rules, and procedures that ensure accurate and efficient data exchange and coordination among hardware and software components

Answer 14

protocol

Question 15

Modern information systems rely on hundreds or thousands of …

Answer 15

protocols

Question 16

enable accurate message transmission among the various computers and software components

Answer 16

Network protocols

Question 17

is an established set of rules that determines how data is transmitted between different devices in the same network

Answer 17

Network protocol

Question 18

The World Wide Web is built on a small family of protocols for encoding Web documents, and hyperlinks, requesting documents from Web servers, and responding to those requests.

Answer 18

Web protocols

Question 19

is a protocol that defines the structure and content of a Web page

Answer 19

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Question 20

is an HTML extension that enables the meanings of words, phrases, or numbers to be defined.

Answer 20

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

Question 21

is a protocol that defines the format and contents of requests for Web documents and related data communication

Answer 21

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Question 22

is a software service accessed over the Internet using Web protocols

Answer 22

web service

Question 23

enable software functions developed by organizations to be embedded with the information system of another organization

Answer 23

Web services

Question 24

is a method of organizing software to provide and access distributed information and computing resources

Answer 24

Client/server architecture

Question 25

manages system resources and provides access to these resources through a well-defined communication interface

Answer 25

server

Question 26

is a variant of client/server architecture used for all types of systems, from internally deployed desktop applications to globally distributed Web-based applications

Answer 26

Three-layer architecture

Question 27

.. architecture divides the application software into three layers that interact

Answer 27

Three-layer architecture

Question 28

The … layer is part of a three-layer architecture that contains the user interface

Answer 28

view layer

Question 29

The … layer contains the programs that implement the business rules and processes

Answer 29

domain layer

Question 30

The … layer is the one that interacts and manages the data

Answer 30

data layer

Question 31

is the ability of a component or system to interact with other components or systems

Answer 31

Interoperability

Question 32

are commonly used to visually describe an information system’s environment, components, and deployment

Answer 32

Architectural diagrams

Question 33

are commonly used to show the geographic placement of various systems components, including hardware, buildings, and users

Answer 33

Location diagrams

Question 34

show how locations and hardware components are interconnected with network devices and wiring

Answer 34

Network diagrams

Question 35

describe how software components are distributed across hardware and system software components

Answer 35

Deployment diagrams

Question 36

is a well-defined unit of software that performs one or more specific tasks. It hides complex details

Answer 36

application component

Question 37

a component could be small like one method in a class or one script embedded within a Web page

Answer 37

Size/Scope

Question 38

Programs, functions, subroutines, and procedures are application components defined by traditional programming languages

Answer 38

Programming languages

Question 39

Some parts of an information system are written by an organization’s information technology development staff. Others can be reused from other information systems owned by the organization, purchased separately, or acquired as part of a developer’s toolkit.

Answer 39

Build or Buy

Question 40

uses the communication interface to request resources, and the server responds to these requests

Answer 40

client