01 General Flashcards

1
Q

How were you appointed?

A

Through a professional services framework contract

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2
Q

How does a professional services framework work?

A
  • The framework contains a list of pre-approved consultants that are able to undertake various types of construction consultancy work without having to submit separate tenders each time
  • This makes the process more efficient and enables collaborative working relationships to develop
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3
Q

How did you establish the design requirements?

A

I met with the client on site to discuss the work required and then subsequently attended a meeting with the client to record the full brief in writing

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4
Q

Who were the stakeholders and how did you identify them?

A
  • The stakeholders were the client, the end-user, the professional services team, the neighbours and the community as a whole
  • These were identified by discussing with the client who had an interest in the outcome of the project
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5
Q

What did you consider during your desktop study?

A
  1. Extent of site
  2. Access to site
  3. Photographs of site/building condition
  4. Site use
  5. Existing plans/drawings
  6. Date of construction
  7. Construction methods
  8. Listings / conservation area
  9. Ground investigations
  10. Historic maps
  11. Local Authority records
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6
Q

What did you include in your feasibility study?

A
  1. Summary of brief
  2. Legal/statutory approvals (e.g. building control approval and scheduled monument consent)
  3. Alternative outline design proposals, including recommendations
  4. Outline schedule of work
  5. Budget estimate
  6. Estimated project programme
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7
Q

At which RIBA stage would you complete a feasibility study?

A

Stage 1 - Preparation and Brief

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8
Q

What is involved at the other RIBA stages?

A
  1. Stage 0 - Strategic Definition
  2. Stage 1 - Preparation and Brief
  3. Stage 2 - Concept Design
  4. Stage 3 - Developed Design
  5. Stage 4 - Technical Design
  6. Stage 5 - Construction
  7. Stage 6 - Handover and Close Out
  8. Stage 7 - In Use
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9
Q

How did you establish the programme?

A

By breaking down the different tasks and trades required to complete the works and making an assessment based on past experience of projects of a similar nature

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10
Q

How did you put together the budget estimate?

A

An outline schedule of work was completed and each item was priced with a QS based on current unit rates and experience from previous projects

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11
Q

As you were the designer, what level of PII did you have?

A

I am covered by my company’s PI insurance, which meets the RICS minimum level of indemnity required based on the company’s turnover, as well as the requirements of the professional services framework I was appointed under

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12
Q

Tell me about the budget reallocations.

A
  • Just after tender stage, the client had identified another property that would be more suited to the end-user and required less work
  • As such, the budget for this project was reallocated and spent elsewhere
  • The building remains vacant, however I believe the client decided to undertake the dry rot works and is looking to sell the property instead
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13
Q

You say if you had more time you could have taken a more holistic approach. How would this have helped matters?

A

More time would have allowed me to sit down with the client and potentially identify the works required, the timescales involved and whether there were any other properties in their ownership that would offer a more suitable alternative before designs were developed and tenders issued

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14
Q

How did you appoint the M&E designers?

A

They were appointed directly by my company, with their services being covered in my company’s own fee and with a back-to-back agreement in place, reflecting the terms of my company’s own appointment (e.g. level of PII, payment terms, exclusions etc.)

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15
Q

Who took liability for the M&E designers?

A

My company were responsible for the delivery and content of the M&E submission

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16
Q

How did you ensure the M&E designers were competent?

A

The appointment was based on previous working relationships with the client, so they had already been vetted by my company’s supply-chain management team and fee rates had been agreed under the professional services framework

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17
Q

Why did you choose JCT MW?

A
  • The works involved were not complex in nature and did not require the need for more detailed mechanisms available under other contracts, such as sectional completion, named sub-contractors, bill of quantities and more detailed extensions of time provisions
  • The client was also familiar with this form of contract and was their procurement departments preferred choice as well
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18
Q

What alternative contracts could you have used and why did you not use them?

A

NEC3 EC Short Contract may have also been suitable, however this form was less familiar with the client and their procurement team had already identified their desire to proceed with JCT MW based on consistency with other similar projects

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19
Q

How would your tender differ if you used an NEC form of contract?

A

The contract terminology and mechanisms would need to be identified and changed to match the provisions in the NEC form, including all preliminary information contained within the Works Information, request for an activity schedule and programme (which are integral to NEC contracts) and formation of a risk register instead of provisional sums

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20
Q

What procurement options did you advise on?

A

On this project, this was something that was decided by the client’s in-house procurement department

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21
Q

Considering the time constraints, would any other procurement options have been more suitable for this project?

A

Using a pre-approved contractor that would have been called off a framework based on the estimated project cost may have allowed more time in the design stage without going through the lengthy tender process, however the client wanted a more competitive value by opening the opportunity to local contractors

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22
Q

How did you decide on which contractors to tender to?

A

There were no contractors chosen prior to tendering, as a single-stage open tendering procedure was used

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23
Q

What is the difference between the different tendering procedures?

A
  1. Single-stage tendering - invitation to tender documents are issued to a number of competing clients who are all given the chance to bid for the project based on identical tender documentation
  2. Two-stage tendering - concept designs are issued to bidding contractors and the preferred contractor is chosen based on the quality of their bid, the quality of their team, their preliminaries prices and OH&P allowances. The preferred contractor then joins the design team and works with the professional team to complete the design before presenting a bid for the works
  3. Negotiated tendering - effectively a single-stage tender but with a single contractor who returns an initial price, which is then negotiated with the client’s professional team
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24
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of e-tendering?

A

Advantages:

  1. Reduces tendering costs through reduction in paper, printing and postage costs
  2. Less environmentally demanding
  3. Avoids the need for double or triple entry of the same information
  4. Ability to track and limit time of tender opening
  5. Collation of tender queries in one place

Disadvantages:

  1. Some contractors may be unfamiliar with this process
  2. Technology requirements may restrict participation
25
Q

What documents did you include within your tender package?

A
  1. Invitation to tender
  2. Form of tender
  3. Conditions of tender
  4. Preliminaries
  5. Design information
  6. Pricing document
  7. Pre-construction information
  8. Asbestos survey
  9. Dry rot report
26
Q

What is the significance of a form of tender?

A

A form that the contractor returns that forms the basis of their offer, which includes the sum offered, construction programme length, lead time and validity period

27
Q

What was included in your preliminaries?

A
  1. Project particulars (e.g. summary of the works, employer, CA and PD details)
  2. Site details (e.g. existing buildings, access, parking, hazards)
  3. Contract details (e.g. commencement/completion date, LADs, rectification period, retention amount, requirements for insurance/bonds/warranties/guarantees)
  4. Management of works (e.g. requirements for programme, monitoring, site meetings)
  5. Quality management procedures (e.g. substitution of products/methods, inspections, testing)
  6. Health and safety (e.g. requirements for PCIP, CPP, security, protection against noise/vibration/pollution/dangerous substances/fire)
  7. Facilities (e.g. welfare provisions, site offices, plant, waste clearance, water, electricity, IT and communication equipment, protection of work, PPE, site transport, setting out)
  8. Operation of finished works (e.g. requirements for O&M manual, H&S file)
  9. Outstanding statutory approvals
28
Q

What rules of tendering did you use?

A

The client had their own set of tender rules which had been adapted from NBS to suit this project and included:

  1. Timescale for returns
  2. Documents to be returned
  3. Evaluation procedure (best value)
  4. Error handling procedure (option 2)
  5. Contact details for site visits
  6. Procedure for submitting queries
29
Q

How would you add a contractor’s design to your tender package?

A

This can be done by issuing a separate ‘employer requirements’ documents within the tender package that requires the bidding contractors to submit their proposals

30
Q

How did you prepare the specification?

A
  1. I broke down the works into trades and separated these out by area (e.g. external works, room-by-room, M&E etc.)
  2. I then proceeded to add detail to the works required using previous project specifications, NBS specifications, Building Regulations, British Standards and manufacturer’s guidance to assist me
31
Q

What M&E works were involved?

A
  1. New LED surface-mounted lighting
  2. Ventilation to the new toilets
  3. Extension of water services
  4. Fire alarm upgrade
  5. New radiators
  6. Extensions to power and data
32
Q

How did you determine that the M&E design was adequate?

A

I cross-referenced the design with the client’s requirements and checked it against the recommended guidance:

  1. Approved Document F (Ventilation)
  2. CIBSE Guide A
  3. IET Wiring Regulations (BS 7671)
  4. BS 5839 - Fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings
  5. BS 5266 - Emergency lighting

The client also had their own M&E compliance team that checked the submission and signed it off prior to tendering

33
Q

What was the specification for the new lighting?

A

New LED surface-mounted fittings that had been pre-approved by the client’s M&E compliance team and used on similar projects previously

34
Q

What were the requirements in terms of lux levels for the new lighting?

A

Depended on the room use, but CIBSE Guide A recommended:

  1. Toilets: 200 lux (minimum 100 lux at floor level - BS 8300)
  2. Offices: 300-500 lux (at desk level)
35
Q

What was the specification for the new ventilation in the toilets?

A

New extract ventilation in the toilets that offered the minimum level of ventilation required by the Building Regulations and CIBSE Guide A

36
Q

What were the requirements for the new ventilation?

A
  1. Approved Document F: 6 l/s per WC/urinal
  2. CIBSE Guide A: Offices - 10 l/s per person (achieved via natural ventilation of the windows so no additional ventilation was necessary
37
Q

How did you determine the number of toilets that were required?

A
  • I used the HSE’s ACoP for compliance with the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992, which gives a table showing the sanitary requirements based on occupancy level (2 cubicles and 2 washbasins for 6-25 people)
  • I also considered the Equality Act 2010, which required the installation of the accessible WC
38
Q

What did you consider when designing the accessible WC?

A

Using Approved Document M and BS 8300:

  1. Space requirements - minimum room dimensions, wheelchair turning circle
  2. Layout - accommodate for both left-hand and right-hand transfer if more than one is installed within the building
  3. Door - outward swinging, minimum width, no door closer
  4. Equipment - toilet, finger-rinse basin, grab rails, mirror, emergency alarm pull-cord, signage, shelves, clothes hooks
  5. Dimensions of fittings - minimum/maximum heights, distances etc.
  6. Colour - contrasting wall and floor, wall and door frame, door and door furniture, grab rails and walls, signage and background surface
39
Q

What was included in your kitchenette design?

A
  1. Number and layout of base and wall units
  2. Material of worktop (cost driven)
  3. Handles (prevents clothes being caught)
  4. Sink
  5. Tap
  6. Water boiler
40
Q

What did you consider when specifying the floor finishes?

A
  1. Room use
  2. Hygiene (e.g. vinyl in toilets)
  3. Slip resistance - R-rating, R9 (worst) - R13 (best)
  4. Fire spread
  5. Acoustic qualities
  6. Static
  7. Indentation
  8. Level of sub-floor (may need to apply a levelling screed)
  9. Moisture content in sub-floor (may need to provide a DPM)
41
Q

What did you consider when specifying the internal partitions?

A
  1. Height
  2. Fire resistance
  3. Thermal properties
  4. Noise transfer
  5. Fixings (e.g. grab rails)
  6. Likelihood of damage
  7. Cost
  8. Installation time
42
Q

What did you consider when specifying the decorations?

A
  1. Colour (e.g. contrasts to accommodate requirements in BS 8300)
  2. Number of coats (e.g. primer for joinery, undercoat and 2 top coats)
  3. Surfaces to be prepared prior to painting (e.g. rubbing down, filling holes etc.)
43
Q

How did you coordinate the design team?

A

I made sure there was a continuous flow of communication between all parties and that everyone understood what was required and the timescales involved

44
Q

What legislation did you have to consult with whilst designing the scheme?

A
  1. Equality Act 2010
  2. Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992
  3. Building Regulations
  4. Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979
  5. Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
45
Q

What building regulations were applicable to this project?

A

Appoved Documents:

  1. H (Drainage and Waste Disposal)
  2. M (Access and Use of Buildings)
  3. F (Ventilation)
  4. L2B (Conservation of Fuel and Power in existing buildings other than dwellings)
  5. B2 (Fire Safety in buildings other than dwellings)
46
Q

Why was consent from building control required?

A

Usually, the Building Regulations apply to:

  1. Erection of a new building
  2. Extension or alteration of an existing building
  3. Installation of services or fittings (e.g. drainage, replacement windows, fuel burning appliances etc.)
47
Q

Was building control consent required for the electrical works?

A

Approved Document P only applies to dwellings, so instead the electrical was completed in compliance with the IET Wiring Regulations (BS 7671)

48
Q

What did you consider in terms of fire safety?

A
  • Ideally the doors would have been changed to open in the direction of escape, however I consulted with a fire officer who advised that because of the low occupany and the use of the building (i.e. no visitors and building users would be familar with the layout), no such works were required
  • The fire alarm system was also due to be upgraded as part of the M&E works
49
Q

Did you consider anything in particular before working on the roof?

A

I considered the presence of bats and commissioned an initial bat survey on behalf of the client, which identified there were none present and therefore no need for an activity survey to be completed

50
Q

How did you identify the building was Edwardian?

A

Desktop research contained a lot of history of the area due to the scheduled monument, so I knew the date from this

Otherwise, Edwardian buildings are similar to Victorian properties in their characteristics, mainly:

  1. Tall chimneys
  2. Fireplace in every room
  3. Decorated roof line and slates
  4. Barge boards
  5. Cast iron downpipes
  6. Bay and sash windows (although the original windows in this building had since been replaced)
  7. Stained glass
  8. Porches
  9. Terracotta floor tiles
51
Q

When was the Edwardian era?

A

1901 - 1910

52
Q

What type of foundations did the building have?

A

These were not uncovered but I would suspect stepped brick foundations for a building of this age

53
Q

What typical defects would you expect to find on an Edwardian building?

A
  1. Leaning chimneys
  2. Overloading of roof due to change of materials (e.g. concrete tiles)
  3. Removal of chimney breasts but not the stack
  4. Damp penetration through solid walls
  5. Rotting timber joists that are built into external wall
  6. Wall tie failure (if a cavity wall, particularly in black ash mortar)
  7. Differential settlement of bay windows (little to no foundations)
  8. Rising damp caused by lack, failure or bridging of DPC
  9. Blocked air vents to ground floors, causing dry rot
  10. Lead water pipes
54
Q

What roof repairs were required and how were you proposing to solve the problem?

A

Only minor slate replacement where some had cracked or slipped - new slates would be securred using non-ferrous lead tingles

55
Q

How was risk recorded and managed?

A
  • Provisional sums were used in places (e.g. for the drainage works) as these could not be quantified, so the client owned this risk
  • A formal risk register could have been completed, however due to the time constraints and the non-complex nature of the works, the client was happy to proceed based on a lump sum project contingency to cover risks
56
Q

As the building was vacant, what did you consider prior to entering?

A
  1. Familiarised myself with the RICS Surveying Safely guidance note
  2. Collected as much information as possible prior to the visit (site/floor plans, asbestos survey etc.) to familiarise myself with the building
  3. Carried out a risk assessment
  4. Wore suitable PPE
  5. Avoided lone working - a colleague was with me during the visit and the client escorted us around the building
57
Q

If the dry rot had affected structural timbers, how did you ensure the building was safe to enter?

A
  • Avoided lone working - a colleague was also present and we were escorted around the building by the client, who was familiar with the location of the rot outbreak
  • Proceeded with caution, treading carefully and observing any ‘spring’ underfoot
58
Q

Who would have been responsible for health and safety had the works proceeded and the two contractors were on site at the same time?

A

The principal contractor would have had control of the site and therefore would have had ultimate responsibility