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Oral Bio > 01/24 > Flashcards

01/24 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why is tooth development important? (3)

A

a. Clinically, need to know if primary tooth should be treated, pulled, or left
b. Parents want to know developmental stage of child
c. Also very useful for forensic odontology (identifying people as well as aging via data)

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2
Q

Types of Tooth movement (4)

A

Pre-eruptive
Eruptive
Post-eruptive
Exfoliation

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3
Q

3rd molar with root in root formation stage-over 18?

A

50/50

*just an interesting fact, nothing too important

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4
Q

When do primary teeth start to erupt

A

6months-2 years

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5
Q

When do we see eruption of 1st molars (permanent)

A

6yrs +/-9 months

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6
Q

Which erupts first? Permanent 1st molars or incisors?

A

1st molars

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7
Q

When does tooth formation begin

A

in utero

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8
Q

Second permanent teeth to come in?

A

Central incisors

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9
Q

Which tooth may come in last?

A

The maxillary canine

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10
Q

As teeth grow, what else grows with it?

A

The alveolar process and thus the face

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11
Q

In order, how does the tooth form

A

Crown, root, and then the apex -biting surface down to root

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12
Q

Is how the tooth forms (direction) variable?

A

No-crown to apex

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13
Q

First part of the tooth to form

A

cusp tips

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14
Q

How to tell the age of someone based on odontology?

A

Use statistics available to you

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15
Q

Which surface forms first, mesial or distal?

A

mesial

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16
Q

Is crown formation done before root formation

A

Almost

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17
Q

During which stage is enamel and dentin formed?

A

Bell

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18
Q

After which stage does the root form

A

After the bell stage

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19
Q

Successional lamina

A

The bud for the permanent tooth

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20
Q

What is the exception of successional lamina

A

The 1st molars?? They form seperately

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21
Q

Oldest enamel and dentin will be where?

A

Cusp tips

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22
Q

Newest enamel/dentin will be where

A

@CEJ

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23
Q

What recruits odontoblast and initiate them to secrete dentin?

A

Ameloblast

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24
Q

Initiation & formation of teeth requires the interaction of 2 types of cells:

A 
Oral Ectoderm (Oral Epithelial Cells)
Oral Mesenchyme (underlying Mesenchymal Cells)
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25
Q

Oral Ectoderm –> dental lamina –> enamel organ –>

5

A 
Enamel
 Intermediate cementum
 Oral epithelium
 Gingival attachment
 Epithelial rests of Malassez
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26
Q

Migrate into jaws, contribute to tooth development by integrating
with enamel organ & dental papilla

A

Neural Crest cells

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27
Q 
function in development of salivary glands, bone, cartilage,
nerves, muscles of the face.
A

Neural crest cells`

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28
Q 
Surround cores of
mesoderm to form 6
pairs of
pharyngeal/branchial
arches
A

Neural Crest Cells

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29
Q

Dental Sac is also known as what

A

Dental follicle

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30
Q

Role of Mesenchyme

3

A

Increasing number and concentration of cells around
the “bud.”
 Cells which form the dental papilla and dental sac
appear to remain undifferentiated
 But, cells of the dental papilla itself exert a powerful
influence on the developing tooth.

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31
Q

Developmental structures from Ectoderm (6)

A 
Dental lamina
 Vestibular lamina
 Successional lamina
 Enamel organ (dental organ)
 Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath
 Epithelial diaphragm  
root formation
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32
Q

Primary Epithelial Band

Covers what?

Forms what? (3)

*Know this

A 
 Covers each arch
 Divides into:
 Vestibular lamina
 Dental lamina
 Successional lamina (extends from
dental lamina)
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33
Q

Dental Lamina first appearence

A

6wks IU

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34
Q

Dental Lamina forms what?

A

20 primary teeth

 12 permanent molars

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35
Q

Successional Lamina forms what

A

Extensions of dental lamina

 Form 20 permanent non-molar teeth

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36
Q

The appearance of all the developing teeth____ on the dental lamina at the
same time.

A

does not occur

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37
Q

2 main phases of development – divided into stages

A

 Crown formation: enamel, coronal dentin, coronal pulp

 Root formation & eruption

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38
Q

Associating _______ with stages in development is of great
assistance in diagnosing and dealing with “problem” teeth you will see in
practice.

A

Cellular events

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39
Q

In order to understand stages of formation, it is helpful to be familiar with
_________________ involved with tooth formation,
and the changes these structures undergo in the process.

A

ectodermal & oral mesenchymal structures

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40
Q

Papilla

Some cells sit inside the cap =

A

Dental papilla

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41
Q

What produces odontoblast, pulp, dentin

A

dental papilla

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42
Q

4 layers  Reduced enamel epithelium

A

 Inner enamel epithelium – become ameloblasts
 Stellate reticulum
 Stratum intermedium
Outer enamel epithelium

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43
Q

Cervical loop

(3 things)

A

 Root formation activity begins here as crown formation is
completed
 Outer & inner epithelial cells meet
 Establishes the dentinoenamel junction

44
Q

Cell signaling results in the alignment of precursor cells for formation of:

A

Enamel (inner enamel epithelium cells)

 Dentin (dental papilla cells)

45
Q

Avery: ameloblast appears____odontoblast (name change)

A

before

46
Q

Ameloblasts move _____ from DEJ

Odontoblasts move from the DEJ

A

away outward from the DEJ

away inward

47
Q

Unless predentin is produced, ____

A

NO ENAMEL WILL FORM

48
Q

Fusion vs gemination

A

Gemination is trying to split, has one root—fusion has two roots

49
Q

Green teeth resulting from

A

neonatal hyperbilirubinemia:

50
Q

Green teeth resulting from

A

neonatal hyperbilirubinemia:

51
Q

Can we grow tooth buds?

A

Yes-in vitro

52
Q

If a dental papilla from a future molar is placed under the enamel organ
of a future incisor, a _____ develops.

A

molar

53
Q

If the dental papilla of a future incisor is placed under the enamel organ
of a future molar, an _____ develops.

A

incisor

54
Q

If the dental papilla is placed beneath oral ectoderm of the buccal
mucosa, a _____ develops.

A

tooth

55
Q

If the dental papilla from a mouse is implanted in the developing tissue of
a chicken beak,

A

a tooth develops.

56
Q

If the dental papilla from a mouse is implanted in the developing tissue of
a chicken beak,

A

a tooth develops.

57
Q

How do permanent molars develop compared to decidous teeth

A

They develop exactly the same fashion as the 20 deciduous teeth
 They cannot appear until jaw growth accommodates their presence
and the dental lamina reaches the “molar area” of the jaw

58
Q

How permanent non molar teeth form (think origin)

A

A small cluster of cells forms from the dental lamina associated with each
primary tooth. This is the successional lamina. It is the equivalent of the
“bud” stage of the other teeth. This “bud” stage progresses in exactly the
same way and produces the permanent teeth.

59
Q

Cervical loop is inactive until

A

Relatively inactive until crown formation complete

60
Q

The cervical loop goes from a what to what

A

4 layer to 2 layer

61
Q

Which 2 layers of the cervical loop remain and what do they form

A

 Only the outer & inner enamel epithelial layers remain

 2-Layer structure is known as Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath

62
Q

odontoblasts

Stimulate dental papilla cells to become precursor

A

 Inner enamel epithelial cells

63
Q

ecrete the predentin of Tome’s granular layer

A

Odontoblast

64
Q

The presence of _______

stimulates the outer
enamel epithelial cells to secrete intermediate cementum

A

Tome’s granular layer

65
Q

The presence of Tome’s granular layer stimulates the outer

enamel epithelial cells to secrete _______

A

inermediate cementum

66
Q

Remenant Hertwigs root is called

A

Epithelial rests of Malassez

67
Q

Epithelial Diaphragm

A

As the root sheath grows from the cervical loop, the edge
of the sheath inclines inward, forming a continually
narrowing opening between the dental sac & the pulp

68
Q

Epithelial diaphragm vs. epithelial root sheath?

A

Root sheath forms the root itself

Diaphragm
-Determines size & number of root canals which open into
the pulp chamber, Just the folding in part really

Separates the coronal pulp from the root canal(s)
 Terms used interchangeably in some oral histology texts

69
Q

Spicule formation on radiograph of developing tooth

A

Furcation developing

70
Q

Epithelial root sheath provides the stimulus for:

(2)

A

 Root dentin formation

 Intermediate cementum

71
Q

What provides root dentin

A

Dental papilla-stimulus is from epithelial root sheath

72
Q

Why is the root sheath always the same size even though the root becomes increasingly long?

A

Once the root dentin is stimulated and the intermediate
cementum is produced, the root sheath is no longer needed
and it disintegrates

73
Q

When is the root sheath only visible?

A

When it is in the process of stimulating root dentin formation
 Therefore, the only portion that is visible is the portion near the
future apical end of the root

74
Q

Why is the root sheath always the same size even though the root becomes increasingly long?

A

The direction of overall tooth movement is in the occlusal direction

75
Q

When does this root formation become complete?

primary and perm

A

 Deciduous teeth: 1-1.5 years

 Permanent teeth: 2-3 years

76
Q

Cysts in root formation may form where

A

Rests of malassez

77
Q

Problems Associated with Root Formation

4

A 
Rests of Malassez
-Cysts
Enamel Pearls
Cementicles
-Embedded
-Attached
-Free
Accessory Foramina
78
Q

3 steps of tooth eruption (not the phases, just in general)

A

-Emerges through oral
mucosa
- Comes into occlusion
-Functions in mastication

79
Q

3 Stages of tooth development

A

 Pre-eruptive
 Movements involved with the growth and
development of the teeth, alveolar bone.
 Pre-functional
 Movements from the time of root formation through
eruption in the oral cavity until contact with an
opposing tooth.
 Functional
 Movements associated with function of the teeth.
 Continuous process
 Adjusts for jaw growth, occlusal wear

80
Q

Pre eruptive phase

A

Movements involved with the growth and

development of the teeth, alveolar bone.

81
Q

Pre functional

A

Movements from the time of root formation through
eruption in the oral cavity until contact with an
opposing tooth.

82
Q

Functional phase

A

 Movements associated with function of the teeth.
 Continuous process
 Adjusts for jaw growth, occlusal wear

83
Q

Kid advanced skeletally, advanced dentally tooth?

A

Maybe not

84
Q

When does the dental lamina differentiate

A

6 weeks IU

85
Q

Except for what teeth, permanent
teeth are secondary buds off of the primary
teeth.

A

permanent molars

86
Q

as the alveolar process grows, what happens to developing teeth

A 
As the alveolar processes
develop, the unerupted
tooth buds/developing
teeth will re-orient
themselves within this bone.
87
Q

Where do permanent teeth position themselves at in comparison to erupting primary teeth

A

 Permanent teeth
position themselves at
apical 1/3 of erupting
primary roots.

88
Q

Where will ant perm teeth remain as pimary move to occlusal plane

A 
Anterior permanent
teeth remain at the
base of the alveolar
process as the primary
teeth move toward the
occlusal plane.
89
Q

Premolars are initially located _____
to the primary molars,
but…

A

lingual

90
Q 
As alveolar processes
develop and primary teeth
move toward the occlusal
plane…
Premolars relocate where
A

 Premolars relocate between

the roots of the primary teeth.

91
Q

Max molars form in what? and tip which way

A

tuberosities and tip distally

92
Q

Mandibular molars form in what? Tip which way?

A

Rami and tip mesially

93
Q

As the maxilla and mandible develop and grow, the molars do what

A

molars will assume a more upright position.

94
Q

Pre-Functional Eruptive movements start with what

A

initiation of root formation

95
Q

4 main events of pre functional eruptive movements

A 
 Root formation
 Movement occlusally
 Penetration of the
epithelium
 Intra-oral occlusal
movement
96
Q

Pre-Functional Eruptive Movements – Occlusal Movement

 Occlusal movement of the tooth occurs:
 Within the ____

A

bony crypt

 As a result of a need for space for the developing root

97
Q

The enamel is covered by only a thin layer of proteins called
the

A

primary cuticle

98
Q

The primary cuticle arises from the degrading

A

ameloblast

99
Q

The primary cuticle is essential in initiating the attachment of the _____ to the ename

A

Junctional epithelium

100
Q

Where does pre functional eruptive movement start

A

at the intial emergence through the epithelium and conttinues through stable occlusal contact

101
Q

During pre functional eruption what are recruited to aid in destruction of tissue

A

macrophages

Monocytes from the blood begin to
fuse together, forming osteoclasts.

Osteoclastic activity results in the
destruction of any overlying bone.

Resorption of the primary teeth are a
result of osteoclastic (dentinoclastic)
activity.

102
Q

What causes resorption of emerging teeth

A

Not necessarily the pressure from emerging tooth, but a cellular process

103
Q

During pre functional eruption if timing is right

if not?

A 
permanent tooth under primary tooth
follows void left by the dissolving
primary tooth roots
 and the tooth erupts right
underneath the exfoliation site of the
primary tooth.

 Ectopic eruption
 Resorption of adjacent tooth root

104
Q

During pre functional eruption if timing is right

if not?

A 
permanent tooth under primary tooth
follows void left by the dissolving
primary tooth roots
 and the tooth erupts right
underneath the exfoliation site of the
primary tooth.

 Ectopic eruption
 Resorption of adjacent tooth root

105
Q

How do teeth know where to go?

A

Eruption pathway – believed to guide the tooth out of

the bone and into the oral cavity

Oral Bio (9 decks)

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