01 Flashcards
It is an art of arranging the external physical environment to support human behavior.
Site Planning
It lies along the boundaries of architecture, engineering, landscape architecture and town planning.
Site Planning
A space or ground occupied or to be occupied by a building or a concentration of building developments or human activities that fall under the same land use category.
Site
It is made suitable for building purposes, human activities, or life sustaining processes;
Site
The process selects from a list of potential sites one that suits best the given use and requirements of the project
Site Selection Process
The process selects the best possible use and development suited for a given site.
Development Suitability Process
Refers to the soil’s ability to transfer gravity water downward, and that the soil is not conducive to prolonged periods of saturation
Good drainage
It is when the soil is frequently or permanently saturated and may have water standing on it. This maybe caused by local accumulation of surface water, or rise in the level of groundwater within the soil because the soil particles are too small to transmit infiltration
Poor Drainage
Rate at which water penetrates the soil surface (cm/hr or inches/hr)
Infiltration capacity:
Rate at which water within the soil moves through a given volume of material (cm/hr or inches/hr)
Permeability
Rate at which water is absorbed back by soil
Percolation
The science that studies the
waters of the earth, their occurrence, circulation and distribution, their chemical and physical properties, and their reaction to the living environment
Hydrology
Capacity of soil or rock to hold water; ratio of the volume of void spaces in a rock or sediment to the total volume of the rock or sediment
Porosity
Spaces and sequences
Spatial Patterns
Views
Visual Resources
Ownership of adjacent property, off-site nuisances
Existing Land Use
Land ownership, land use regulations, easements and
deed restrictions
Legal
Vehicular and pedestrian circulation on or adjacent to site
Circulation
Legal and regulatory controls
Density and Zoning
(noise, odor, visual quality)
Socio-economic factors and sensory
Sanitary, storm-water, water supply, power supply, and
communications
Utilities
Historic buildings, landmarks, and archeology
History factors
Land forms, soil properties (composition, soil texture,
bearing capacity, stability, erosion/ erodability, fertility)
Geomorphology
Elevation, slope
Topography
Surface and ground water, drainage, aquifer recharge
areas, depth to seasonal water table
Hydrology
Seismic Hazards, depth to bedrock
Geology
Wind, solar orientation, humidity
Climate
Plant communities, specimen trees, exotic invasive species
Vegetation
Endangered of threatened species and habitats
Wildlife
Two pronounced seasons, dry from November to April, and wet during the rest of the year. Maximum rain period is from June to September
Type I
No dry season with a very pronounced maximum rain period from December to February. There is not a single dry month. Minimum monthly rainfall occurs during the period from March to May.
Type II
No very pronounced maximum rain period, with a short dry season lasting only from one to three months, either during the period from December to February or from March to May. This climate type resembles type I since it has a short dry season.
Type III
Rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year. This climate type resembles the second type more closely since it has no dry season.
Type IV
Four types of Climate
Cold
Temperate
Hot arid
Hot humid
Topography, surface materials, plant cover, location of structures, and presence or absence of water have striking impact on the microclimate
Climate
Dawn
5:27 AM
Sunrise
5:48 AM
Solar Noon
11:58 AM
Sunset
6:08 PM
Dusk
6:29 PM
(known as the habagat)
from May to October
Southwest monsoon
(known as the amihan)
from November to early May.
Northeast monsoon
It shows a complex of physical and cultural features.
General Map
It is a graphical representation of a place or particular phenomena or themes in an area
Maps
It shows the legal lines (boundaries, easements), utilities, roads, paths.
Base Map
Study area in relation to the province/region or important reference points/radius of influence
Vicinity Map
It shows a particular information needed for analysis purposes; derived from original thematic maps and is a translation/interpretation of base data into customized categories such as severe flooding, severe erosion, steep slopes, etc.
Aspect Map
Depicts a single feature,
represents a single item or subject
Thematic Map
It is a synthesis of two or more variables/thematic
maps
Analytical Map
Analytical Map
- Erosion Potential
- Flooding Hazard
- Land Capability
- Soil Suitability
- Development Constraints
Thematic Map
‣ Topography Map
‣ Climate
‣ Hydrogeology
‣ Slope
‣ Soil
‣ Land Classification
‣ Infrastructure
‣ Cadastral
‣ Land Values
‣ Population Density
selects a site that suits best the given use and requirements of the project; based on an established criteria
Site Selection Process
selects the best use and development suited for a given site; site analysis using various tools and procedures
Development Suitability Process
Site analysis involves studying the site in terms of various factors, namely:
(1) natural
(2) cultural
(3) aesthetic
SITE PLANNING PROCESS
DATA GATHERING
ORGANIZING CIRCULATION
DEVELOPING VISUAL FORM
READJUSTING LANDFORMS
Who outlines an eight-stage site planning cycle that includes the following:
- Defining the problem
- Programming and the analysis of site and user
- Schematic design and the preliminary cost estimate
- Developed design and detailed costing
- Contract documents
- Bidding and contracting
- Construction
- Occupation and management
Kevin Lynch
- Conceptual Design
- Preliminary Design
- Site Plan / Master Plan
Synthesis
Site Analysis and Site Inventory (Survey)
Analysis (site assessment)
Topography and Slopes
Most developable
0-2%
Topography and Slopes
Easily accommodates most categories of development
2-8%
Topography and Slopes
Some development restrictions; upper limits for roads and walks
8-16%
Topography and Slopes
Significant restrictions to most development
16-24%
Topography and Slopes
Generally restricted for development
24%+
The bridging step between the analysis and synthesis or design phases.
Program Development
He defines the program as composed of the four “P’s”
Kevin Lynch
four “P’s”
- Population
- Packaging
- Performance
- Patterns
Refers to the actual user who may or may not be the client per se.
Population
It involves the type and quantities of elements
that will be provided in the design.
Packaging
standards set the quality of elements expected, whether in terms of materials or function.
Performance
refer to general physical relationships that should
be achieved.
Patterns
While the analysis is based upon a basic program concept, the potential of the site for development influences the planner’s ultimate program recommendations. The program should include:
- A statement of goals that the project should achieve.
- A list of project objectives by which these goals will be
accomplished. - A list of project elements that will be included and a
description or analysis of their interrelationships.
DESIGN PHASE
A. Conceptual Design
B. Preliminary Design
C. Site Plan/ Master Plan
D. Design Implementation
soil conditions, ground water and drainage, slope, elevation
Site characteristics
availability of sanitary and protective services, removal of
waste, power, fuel, and communications
Availability of services
Public transportation facilities, employment,
stores, and markets, schools, churches, recreation facilities, parks, playgrounds,
medical facilities, library
Availability of community services
types of buildings, density of development
Livability of site
land costs, development costs, building costs, utility costs
Costs
utility costs, grounds maintenance, taxes
Maintenance and operating costs
kinds of building, design of exteriors, condition
of buildings, grounds and streets
Appearance and general character
