009 Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

What is diabetic ketoacidosis?

Answer 1

During diabetes, the lack of insulin secretion will send the body into starvation mode (as a trick). This causes lipolysis mechanisms. The excess fatty acids are converted into ketone bodies that can be used as an energy source in the brain. Ketone bodies are acidic, and the high H+ concentration can lead to symptoms such as coma or respiratory compensatory alkalosis.

Question 2

Why do DMT1 have muscle wasting?

Answer 2

Use of proteins as energy source

Question 3

How does diabetes lead to long term complication of osteoarthritis?

Answer 3

The modification of collagen by glycosylation will cause osteoarthritis. Cannot be easily degraded

Question 4

What is the effect of superoxide dismutase glycation?

Answer 4

Superoxide dismutase is an enzyme that clears out oxidative radicals. Glycation of this enzyme will cause build up of oxidative stress.