002 Flashcards
Aquaculture by Species
- Aquatic Plants
- Fish
- Crustaceans
- Molluscs
- Echinoderms
- Other Species
Aquaculture by Method
- Freshwater Aquaculture
- Brackish Water Aquaculture
- Marine Aquaculture
Aquaculture by Management
- Extensive Aquaculture
- Semi-Intensive Aquaculture
- Intensive Aquaculture
3 Major Components of Aquaculture Farms
- Production units
- Water transfer and treatment
- Additional equipment (feeding, handling, and monitoring equipment)
A form of aquaculture involving the farming of species of algae.
Algaculture
The
majority of algae that are intentionally cultivated fall into the category of ____
(also referred to as phytoplankton, microphytes or planktonic algae)
Microalgae
The practice of cultivating and harvesting
seaweed. In its simplest form farmers gather from natural beds, while at the other
extreme farmers fully control the crop’s life cycle
Seaweed farming or kelp farming
Aquatic Plants
- Algaculture
- Seaweed farming and Kelp farming
The most
common form of aquaculture.
It
involves the breeding, rearing, and
harvesting fish in tanks, ponds, or
pens/cages. The fish raised in this are used for food and derivative products.
Fish farming or pisciculture
A facility that
releases juvenile fish into the wild for
recreational fishing and to sustain a
species is known as a
Fish Hatchery
An animal with a hard shell and several pairs of legs, which usually
lives in water. Crabs, lobsters, crayfish (Astaciculture) and shrimps are some examples.
Crustaceans
Aquacultured shellfish include various oysters, mussels, and clam species. These
bivalves are filter and deposit feeders, which rely on ambient primary production
rather than fish or other feed inputs. As such, shellfish aquaculture is generally
perceived as benign or even beneficial.
Molluscs
The
aquaculture practice of cultivating
sea urchins, primarily for their edible
roe, known as “uni” which is
considered a delicacy in many
cuisines, especially in Japan. This
farming
is
typically
done
in
controlled
marine
environments
where conditions such as water
quality
and
temperature
are
carefully managed to optimize
growth and roe production
Sea
Urchin
Farming
It refers to the
systematic raising of jellyfish for food, feed, and cosmetics. It is a
type
of
emerging
aquaculture
technology that is at its early stages.
Some examples of cultured jellyfish
species include the Edible Jellyfish
(Rhopilema esculentum) cultured
primarily for food and the Nomura’s Jellyfish which is farmed for both
food and cosmetics.
Jellyfish Farming
Echinoderms
- Jellyfish Farming
- Sea Urchin Farming
Refers to
raising and breeding aquatic animals (fish, shrimp, crab,
shellfish, etc.) and plants for economic purposes by the use of
ponds, reservoirs, lakes, rivers,
and other inland waterways
(including brackish water), which
play an important role in the
aquaculture industry
Freshwater aquaculture
Also
known as coastal aquaculture, is
a rapidly expanding farming
activity and plays an important
role in the overall fisheries
development effort. Marine and
estuarine shrimp, fish and crabs
are the farm products.
Brackishwater aquaculture
Has been defined as
the cultivation, management, and
harvesting of marine organisms
in their natural environment
(including estuarine, brackish,
coastal, and offshore waters) or
in enclosures such as pens,
tanks, or channels.
Marine Aquaculture or Mariculture
Refers
to
aquaculture production systems with low
production per unit volume
Extensive
aquaculture
Characteristics of Extensive Aquaculture
- Low stocking density
- Natural feeds only
- Minimal human and technological
intervention - Minimal input
System that produce
an
adequate
volume
of aquaculture produce relative to the
resources used.
Semi-intensive
aquaculture
Characteristics of Semi-Intensive Aquaculture
- Moderate stocking density
- Natural feeds with supplemental feed
- Regular human and technological
intervention - Moderate water-change rate
A system that is
characterized by an extremely efficient
use
of
resources
by
maximizing
production volume.
Intensive aquaculture
Characteristics of Intensive Aquaculture
- High stocking density
- Regular feeding
- High
human
and
technological
intervention - Use of Pumps and Aerators
From broodstocks to eggs to postlarvae or small
juveniles (often called “fry” or “seed”).
Hatchery
From “fry” to larger juveniles (often called fingerlings).
Nursery
From juveniles to preferred market sizes
Grow-out
Normally utilize much
more technical equipment than sea cage
farms, especially intensive production farms
with a number of tanks.
Land-based farms
Primary Component of Land-based Farms
(1) Water inlet and transfer
(2) Water
treatment facilities
(3) Production units
(4)
Feeding equipment
(5) Equipment for
internal fish transport and size grading
(6)
Equipment for transport of fish from the farm
(7) Equipment for waste and wastewater
treatment
(8) Instrumentation and Monitoring
Systems.
Normally it can be run with
rather less equipment than land-based
farms, the major reason being that water
transfer and water treatment (which is not
possible) are not necessary because the
water current ensures water supply and
exchange.
On-Growing Sea Cage Farms
Primary Components of On-Growing Sea Cage Farms
(1) Production units
(2) Feeding equipment
(3) Working boat
(4) Base station
(5)
Equipment for size grading
