001 Flashcards
Refers to breeding, rearing, and harvesting of animals
and plants in all types of water environments including ponds,
rivers, lakes, and the ocean.
Aquaculture
According to RA 8550, this refers to all activities
relating to the act of business of fishing, culturing,
preserving, processing, marketing, developing,
conserving and managing aquatic resources and the
fishery area including the privilege to fish or take
aquatic resources thereof. (RA 8550)
Fisheries
Shares the same definition with the term aquaculture across different
references. Therefore, it is a direct synonym of aquaculture and can be used
interchangeably with each other.
Aquafarming
Also known as fish farming, This is a branch of aquaculture that focuses specifically on the breeding, rearing, and harvesting of fish.
Pisciculture
A method of growing plants without soil, using water as the primary medium to supply
nutrients to the plants.
Hydroculture
A specialized branch of aquaculture that involves the cultivation of marine organisms in
the ocean, coastal areas, or other saltwater environments.
Mariculture
Objectives of
Aquaculture
- Production of human food.
- Providing new species and strengthening stocks of
existing fish - Production of ornamental fish
- Effective utilization of aquatic and land resource
- Recycling of organic waste of human and livestock
- Providing means of livelihood
- Support to recreational
fishing - Production of bait fish
The Zhou Dynasty of the ancient Chinese civilization first described the earliest recorded aquaculture
practice. Particularly, they described farming carp (a fish that symbolizes good luck and fortune) for food
consumption.
China (2500 BCE)
During the reign of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Li (whose name meant carp) forbade farming the fish that
bore his name. Thus, farmers turned their attention to cultivating similar fish in the Cyprinidae family and
developed the first form of polyculture.
China (600 BCE)
Romans who loved sea fish and oysters, created oyster farms and adopted the Assyrian vivarium, where
fish and crustaceans caught in lagoons were kept alive until it was time to eat the.
Europe (500 BCE)
During the Middle Ages, aquaculture practices, particularly in Europe, began to develop and become more
structured, although they were still relatively rudimentary compared to modern standards.
Monasteries played a crucial role in the development of aquaculture during the Middle Ages. Monks,
particularly in Western Europe, managed fish ponds as part of their self-sufficient communities.
Europe (476 to 1000 CE)
Mussel farming was invented in France. The technique remained unchanged until the 1960s
Europe (13th Century)
- Century of rapid industrialization in many parts of the world
- One particular innovation that helped advance the field of aquaculture is the science of artificial breeding.
Although it was discovered in Germany many years before, it wasn’t until this century that anyone paid
much attention to it. - Another milestone that was achieved was the growth of salmon farming and other commercially valuable
species in Europe and North America due to the development of modern hatchery systems to support fish stocking. - Lastly, In the late 1950s, the invention of artificial granulated food revolutionized fish farming, which until
then had relied on products from agriculture and livestock farming (raw meat, for example), to feed the fish.
19th Century
During this Century, aquaculture became the solution to the growing problem of overfishing around the
world.
As a result, intensive aquaculture practices were pioneered in Japan and Scandinavia. Early Recirculating
Aquaculture Systems (RAS) were also introduced along with other technological and biological advancements.
20th Century
Common carp Cyrpinus carpio from Hong Kong was introduced to the Philippines.
1915
