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Question 1

GSE – general somatic efferent – somatic motor

Answer 1

Innervate voluntary muscles derived from myotomes (all striated skeletal muscle), plus muscles that move the eye and tongue.

Question 2

SVE – special visceral efferent – branchiomtor

Answer 2

Innervate voluntary muscles derived from embryonic branchial (gill) arches.

Question 3

GVE – general visceral efferent – visceral motor

Answer 3

Refers to the preganglionic parasympathetic autonomic innervation of visceral structures supplied by cranial nn. (anything that isn’t voluntary skeletal or branchial muscle).

Question 4

GSA – general somatic afferent – somatic sensory

Answer 4

Carries sensory signals from the body wall about pain, temperature, fine touch, and proprioception.

Question 5

GVA – general visceral afferent – visceral sensory

Answer 5

Carries mostly nonconscious signals from sensors in the viscera, but also visceral pain which is discernible.

Question 6

SVA – special visceral afferent – chemical sensory

Answer 6

Carries signals associated with chemical senses of smell and taste.

Question 7

SSA – special somatic afferent – “special sensory.”

Answer 7

Carry signals originating in specialized somatic sensors: the retina and the inner ear hair cells.

Question 8

myotomes

Answer 8

segmental blocks of muscle innervated by a spinal segment

Question 9

each spinal nerve emerges from an…

Answer 9

intervertebral foramen

Question 10

neurocranium

Answer 10

part of the skull that houses the brain

Question 11

viscerocranium

Answer 11

part of skull that is derived from branchial arches

Question 12

what makes a cranial nerve? (3)

Answer 12

-Originates from the brain or brainstem rather than the spinal cord (exception CNXI)
-Leave through an opening (foramen) in the skull
-Innervate structures in the head and neck (exception CNX)

Question 13

CNI
CNII
CNIII
CNIV

Answer 13

olfactory: Smells the universe
optic: Sees the universe
oculomotor: Moves the eye, opens the eyelid, focuses the eye
trochlear: moves 1 muscle of eye that uses trochlea

Question 14

CNV
CNVI
CNVII

Answer 14

trigeminal: somatic sensation from face, moves the jaw
abducens: moves 1 muscle of eye that abducts the eye
facial: controls the muscles of facial expression, keeps the face wet, carries taste from anterior 2/3 tongue

Question 15

CNVIII
CNIX
CNX

Answer 15

Vestibulocochlear: Detects head accelerations and hears the universe
Glossopharyngeal: parotid gland 1 throat m., GVA/GSA, taste post
Vagus: Major GVA, GVE body

Question 16

CN XI
CN XII

Answer 16

Accessory: controls trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
Hypoglossal: moves the tongue