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Question 1

What does mafic stand for

Answer 1

Ma (magnesium) + fe (iron)

Question 2

What does felsic stand for

Answer 2

Fe (iron)+ si (silica)

Question 3

What is the temperature for mafic rocks

Answer 3

> 1000 C

Question 4

What is the temperature for felsic rocks

Answer 4

<800 C

Question 5

What viscosity do mafic rocks have

Answer 5

Low viscosity

Question 6

What viscosity do felsic rocks have

Answer 6

High viscosity

Question 7

What are mafic minerals rich in

Answer 7

Fe & Mg

Question 8

What are felsic minerals rich in

Answer 8

Na, K & Al

Question 9

What are mafic minerals poor in

Answer 9

Na, K & Al

Question 10

What are felsic minerals poor in

Answer 10

Fe & Mg

Question 11

Mafic minerals are what in silica

Answer 11

low, <50%

Question 12

Felsic minerals are what in silica

Answer 12

High >65%

Question 13

What is decompression melting

Answer 13

When stuff melts because of less pressure

Question 14

What is flex melting

Answer 14

When adding water lowers the melting point of the mantle rock

Question 15

What is heat transfer

Answer 15

Adding heat until the melting point is reached

Question 16

What is partial melting

Answer 16

The transformation of a solid into a liquid via melting process

Question 17

What is fractional crystallization

Answer 17

Some of the magma freezes, eliminating some minerals and leaving others

Question 18

What is assimilation

Answer 18

When magma melts surrounding rocks which contaminates the magma with new minerals

Question 19

How are igneous rocks classified

Answer 19

According to mineral composition and grain size

Question 19

How are igneous rocks classified

Answer 19

According to mineral composition and grain size

Question 20

What does phaneritic mean

Answer 20

Grains are visible

Question 21

What is aphanitic

Answer 21

The grains aren’t visible

Question 22

What is porphyritic

Answer 22

A mix of visible and microscopic

Question 23

What is groundmass

Answer 23

Crystals too small to see

Question 24

What is phenocryst

Answer 24

Isolated large crystals

Question 25

What do granite and rhyolite have

Answer 25

A relatively high ratio of potassium feldspar to plagioclase feldspar; the most felsic type of igneourock

Question 26

What do grandiorite and dacite have

Answer 26

Still felsic, but has more plagioclase compared to potassium feldspar

Question 27

What do diorite and andesite have

Answer 27

Intermediate composition; Quartz but no potassium feldspar

Question 28

What do gabbro and basalt have

Answer 28

Mafic composition; No quartz, contains pyroxene; Plagioclase feldspar is darker, calcium-rich variety

Question 29

What does peridotite

Answer 29

Ultramafic; Mostly pyroxene and olivine, very little plagioclase feldspar

Question 30

What comes from the melting of mantle with some fractional crystallization (OCEAN-OCEAN SUBDUCTION ZONES)

Answer 30

Gabbro/basalt and minor diorite/andesite

Question 31

What comes from direct melting and eruption from the mantle (RIFTS AND PLUMES/HOT SPOTS)

Answer 31

Gabbro/basalt

Question 32

What comes from the melting of the mantle with extensive crustal assimilation and fractional crystallization (OCEAN-CONTINENT)

Answer 32

Diorite/andesite and granodiorite/dacite

Question 33

What comes from the direct melting of mantle with crustal assimilation (CONTINENTAL RIFTS AND HOT SPOTS)

Answer 33

Gabbro/basalt and granite/rhyolite (no intermediates)

Question 34

What is pyroclastic

Answer 34

Mostly groundmass with large clasts (fragments) of minerals and rocks-formed from explosive volcanic eruptions

Question 35

How does glassy form

Answer 35

When magma cools too quickly

Question 36

What is from the melting of mantle with some fractional crystallization

Answer 36

Ocean-Ocean

Question 37

What comes from direct melting and eruption from the mantle

Answer 37

Rifts and Plumes/Hot spot

Question 38

What comes from the melting of the mantle with extensive crustal assimilation and fractional crystallization

Answer 38

Ocean-Continent

Question 39

What comes from the direct melting of mantle with crustal assimilation

Answer 39

Continental Rifts and hot spots