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KMLE > 순환기내과 > Flashcards

순환기내과 Flashcards

1
Q

long QT cause

A

hypo K
hypo Ca
hypo themia

부정맥제 1a, 3
disopyramide
quinidine
procainamide

amiodarone
bretylium
dronedarone
ibutilide
sotalol
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2
Q

short QT

A

hyper Ca

digitalis

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3
Q

peak T

A

hyperK

> 6.0/ EKG 이상 있을시 calcium gluconate

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4
Q

s1 증가

A

mitral stenosis 초기

후기엔 감소

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5
Q

s1 감소

A

mitral regurgitation

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6
Q

A2P2 fixed splitting

A

ASD

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7
Q

paradoxical splitting p2, a2

A

LBBB. AS, LVF

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8
Q

S4

A

고혈압
MI
AS
HCMP

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9
Q

흉골 우연 두번째 갈비사이공간

A

대동맥판

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10
Q

흉골 좌연 두번째 갈비사이공간

A

폐동맥판

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11
Q

4-5번째 갈비사이공간 흉골 좌연

A

삼첨판

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12
Q

심첨부

A

승모판

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13
Q

3번째 갈비사이공간 흉골좌연

A

Erb’s area, AR

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14
Q

continuous mm

A

PDA

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15
Q

mid systolic

A

AS, PS

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16
Q

holo systolic

A

MR, TR, VSD

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17
Q

(preload 감소)

standing, valsalva

A

HCMP ,MVP m 증가

대부분 감소

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18
Q

미주신경성 실신 약

A

beta bl,
fludrocortisone (mineralo corticoid)
vasoconstricting agent
SSRI (fluoxetine)

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19
Q

기립성 저혈압 원인

A

약물 복용력 확인이 중요!

고혈압약, 삼환항우울제, 당뇨병성 신경병증

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20
Q

long QT 원인

A

hypo K
hypo Ca
hypo themia

IA (Disopyramide, Quinidine, Procainamide)

III (amiodarone bretylium dronedarone ibutilide sotalol)

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21
Q

RA PA RV PCW 심도자

A

3 25/9 25/9 10

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22
Q

sinus arrest 실신, 현기증, 운동시 호흡곤란 동반 치료

A

pacemaker

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23
Q

SA block 실신 현기증 운동시 호흡곤란

A

pacemaker

무증상 추적관찰!

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24
Q

비대상성 휴지기 보임

A

APB

증상있으면 베타블로커

25
Q

대상성휴지기 p파 안보임 wide QRS

A

VPB

무증상은 치료불필요
증상있으면 베타블로커
구조적 심질환 있는경우 ICD

26
Q

1A

A

quinidine
procainamide - psvt/wpw + afib
disopyramide

long QT!

27
Q

IB

A

lidocaine, phenytoin, mexiletine

QT 연장시키지 않아 똘사에 유용함

28
Q

IC

A

propafenone
flecainide

PSVT 예방!

29
Q

II 항부정맥제

A

propranolol
nadolol
atenolol
esmolol

congenital long QT 에서 예방목적의 유지요법으로사ㅏ용

30
Q

III K ch blocker

A 
sotalol
amiodarone
bretylium
ibutilide (WPW+Afib)
dofetilide

VTach 예방약, 롱큐티금기.

31
Q

IV Ca ch blocker CCB

A

verapamil diltiazem

32
Q

adenosine

A

PSVT TOC!

AV bl 유발하므로 (주의. heartbl, sick sinus )

33
Q

PSVT Tx

A

vagal maneuver
adenosine BB CCB
DC - v/s unstable

Px: BB, CCB, Digitalis,
IA/IC drug
RFCA

34
Q

WPW SD Tx

A

무증상은 치료안함

빈맥성 부정맥 발생시,
FBB CCB QUINIDINE FLECANIDE

35
Q

WPW + Afib Tx

A

v/s unstable : DC

stable: procainamide, ibutritilide
안정기 이후 재발방지: RFCA

금기: ABCD (adenosine, bb, ccb, digitalis)

36
Q

polymorphic VTach

A

defibrilation +/- amiodarone or lidocaine

37
Q

monomorphic VT

A

DC

38
Q

VT 예방

A

ICD
III약
catheter ablation

39
Q

TdP Tx

A

유발인자제거
Mg sulphate
lidocaine
isoproterenol (congenital - BB)

40
Q

V fib

A

즉시 defibrilation
vasopressor(epi, vasopressin)
amiodarone, ICD etc/

41
Q

HF Tx

A 
Hydralazine, isosoorbide dinitrate
beta bl
ACEi
ARB
Diuretics - low dose spironolactone (aldo antago)
42
Q

pul edema

warm and wet!

A

M A I L D O Ni

O2, PEEP

preload dec - diuretics(loop-furosemide) , nitrate, acei, nesiritide, 걸터앉기
inotropics - dop, dobu, amiodarone, IABP(MR/VSD)
빈맥치료, CD, pacemaker

43
Q

급성 신부전에서 betabl, ccb 는

A

금기!

44
Q

opening snap
류마티스열
심방세동
LA enlargemnt

A

Mitral stenosis

45
Q

ms

A

symp/pul HTN/new Afib

mitral valvotomy(MVA

46
Q

s2 wide splitting
holosystolic mm
apex
exertional dyspnea

A

Mitral regurgitation

심부전치료, 적응증시 판막치환술

증상있고 EF>30%/LVESD40mm

47
Q

systolic click after S1, late systolic cresendo-decresendo mm

A

무증상시 치료안함, 증상 있는 경우 bb, MV replacement

48
Q

valsalva 에서 심잡음 커지는

A

HCMP MVP

49
Q

HCMP nono

A

digitalis b-ago,
diuretics nitrates
DHP-CCB, vasodillator

50
Q

HCMP Tx Med

A

B-bl
non DHP CCB (verapamil, diltiazem)
disopyramide

51
Q

acute pericarditis

A

nsaids, 대증치료

uremic - 투석!

52
Q

혈압떨어짐, 경정맥압올라감, 심음작게들림

A

탐폰.

IV saline 주입 후 심장막천자

53
Q

constrictive pericarditis

A

결핵

조기수술이 중요

54
Q

감염 심내막염 중요 진단법

A

혈액배양과 심초음파!

55
Q

2, 3, aVF

A

우심실경색

HR

56
Q

STEMI TX

A

MONA”B + thrombolytic

post CABG - ABA’+NTG

57
Q

UA

NSTEMI

A

ABN+heparin 반드시입원

58
Q

stable angina

A

ABN / ABA’ + Statin

59
Q

variant angina

A

Ergonovine 유발검사

C+N

KMLE (4 decks)

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