문법

Question 1

Create a sentence for: change of state -어/아지다 ‘become, get to be’

Answer 1

Example: 이번 날씨가 추워져요.
This week the weather become cold

Question 2

-어/아지다 conjugation patterns

Answer 2

ㅂ irregular : 춥다 -> 추워지다, 덥다 -> 더워지다
으 irregular : 바쁘다 -> 바빠지다, 예쁘다 -> 예뻐지다
ㄹ irregular : 멀다 -> 멀어지다, 길다 -> 길어지다
르 irregular : 빠르다 -> 빠라지다, 다르다 -> 달라지다
하다 : 해

Question 3

Create a sentence for: sentence ending -잖아요 “You know, …’ (assuming agreement)
- add 잖아요 to base

Answer 3

Example:
A: 날씨가 추워졌어요
B: 비가 오잖아요
A: The weather become cold
B: You know it rained

Question 4

Create a sentence with: noun-modifying form -던 (retrospective)
- speaker describes past situation as if it was observed in the moment
- situation no longer exists
- when attached to verb stem, a habitual action that did not continue

Answer 4

Example:
좋던 날씨가 흐려졌어요 (adj)
The weather, which had been good, become cloudy (adj)

어제 읽던 책이 없어졌어요 (verb)
The book I was reading yesterday disappeared (verb)

Question 5

-던 noun modifying
just add 던 to stem base

Answer 5

Adjectives: 좋던, 따뜻하던
Verbs: 읽던 책, 다니던 학교

Question 6

Create a sentence using: expressing speaker’s wish -(으)면 좋겠다

Answer 6

트와이스가 보면 좋겠어요
I would like to see Twice

Question 7

Create a sentence: N 때 ‘at the time of N’; -(으)ㄹ 때 ‘When’

Answer 7

N 때: 고등학교 때 수학을 너무 어려워요.
When in high school, math was very hard.

-(으)ㄹ 때 (verb): 공부할 때 음악을 들어요.
When studying, I listen to music

Question 8

Create a sentence:
- V.S -(으)려고 ‘intending to’
- V.S -(으)려고 하다 ‘intend to’

Answer 8

• V.S -(으)려고 ‘intending to’ : 백화점에 가려고 음식을 먹어요.
  I intend to go to the department store to eat food
• V.S -(으)려고 하다 ‘intend to’ : 내일 공부하려고 해요
  Tomorrow I plan to study

Question 9

Make a sentence with: -기(가) 쉽다/어렵다 ‘It’s easy/difficult to’

Answer 9

It’s easy: 컴퓨터를 사용하기가 쉬워요
it’s difficult: 이번 학기가 수업을 찾기가 어려웠어요

Question 10

Create a sentence: N1 말고 N2 ‘Not N1 but N2’

Answer 10

뉴스말고 드라마를 보세요
Not news but drama you should watch

Question 11

-말고 grammar pattern
When a verb is used -지 말고 is then used

Answer 11

잠을 자지 말고 공부하세요
Not sleep but studying you should do

Question 12

Create using: expressions of permission and prohibition
- V.S -어도/아도 되다
- V.S -(으)면 안 되다

Answer 12

A: 식당에서 단배 피워도 돼요 (Can you smoke inside the restuarant)
B: 아니요, 피우면 안 돼요 (No you can not smoke)

Question 13

Create using: -(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같아요 ‘it seems like/looks like’
past, present, and future

Answer 13

Past:
어젯밤에 잘 잔 젓 같아요 (verb)
It seems like you slept good last night

시험이 쉬웠던 것 같아요 (adj)
It seems like the exam was easy

Present:
지금 잘 자는 것 같아요 (verb)
It seems like I will sleep now

시험이 쉬운 것 같아요 (adj)
The exam seems easy

Future:
오늘 밤에는 잘 잘 것 같아요 (verb)
Today at night, it seems like I will sleep well

시험이 쉬울 것 같아요 (adj)
It seems like the exam will be easy

Question 14

Creating using: -게 되다 (change or turn of events)
- mostly used with verbs

Answer 14

저 이번에 장학금을 받게 됐어요
It turns out I will receive a scholarship

Question 15

Create using: -(으)면 되다 ‘have only to…’, ‘all one needs is…’

Answer 15

비자는 받으면 됐어요
All you need is your visa

Question 16

Use grammar pattern: doubling of -었 -> -었었 / -았었/ -ㅆ었
- past event that is no longer relevent

Answer 16

파리를 갔었어요
I went to Paris

Question 17

Create using: -어/아 본 적(이) 있다/없다 ‘there has been an/no occasion of…’

Answer 17

하이킹해 본 적이 없어요
I had never been hiking

Question 18

Create using: -(으)니까
- expressing a reason or logical sequence
- your reasoning/logical sequence

Answer 18

비가 많이 오니까 운전할 때 조심하세요
Because it is raining a lot, please be safe when driving

Question 19

Create using: -는 길이다/ -는 길에 ‘(be) on one’s way)

Answer 19

소포 부치러 우체국에 가는 길이에요
Im on my way to the post office to mail this package

Question 20

Create using: -거든요 ‘you see, (because)-“

Answer 20

A: 요즘 많이 바빠요
You are busy these day

B: 시험이 많이 있거든요
You see it’s because I have many exams

Question 21

Create using: N(이)요

Answer 21

A: 어디 갔어요?
Where did you go?

B: 우체국이요
The post office

Question 22

Create using: -(으)려면 ‘if…intends to do’

Answer 22

소포를 부치려면 우체국에 가야 돼요
If I intend to send this parcel I need to go to the post office

Question 23

Create using: -어야/어야지요 ‘definitely/indeed/ought to/’
- refers to a person’s obligation to do something

Answer 23

일찍 잠을 자야졌어요
I ought to sleep early

Question 24

Create using: intimate speech -어/아

Answer 24

Mark: 여보세요.
Hello
Dongsu: 마크, 나야. 아까 전화했어?
Mark it’s me. Did you call me a little while ago?

Question 25

intimate -어/아 notes

Answer 25

예요/이에요 ending -> 야
example: 저예요 -> 나야

ㄹ 거예요 ending -> ㄹ 거야
example: 갈 거예요 -> 갈 거야

오다 -> 와

Question 26

creating using: -(으)ㄴ/는 편이다
- ‘it is more the case of…than than the other’

Answer 26

저는 건강한 편이에요
I am on the healthy side

Question 27

Create using: -(으)ㄴ/는 지 알다/모르다
- ‘know/don’t know’

Answer 27

우체국이 어디 있는지 아세요?
Do you know where the post office is?

Question 28

Create using:
A: -(으)ㄴ 지 얼마나 됐어요? ‘How long has it been since…’
B: -(으)ㄴ 지 TIME SPAN(이/가) 됐어요 ‘It has been…since…’

Answer 28

A: 한국에 온 지 얼마나 됐어요?
How long since you’ve been in Korea?

B: (한국에 온 지) 1년 됐어요
It’s been 1 year since I’ve been in Korea

Question 29

Create using: -다가
- transference of an action/state to another

Answer 29

집에 오다가 친구를 만났어요
On my way home, i met with a friend

Question 30

Create using: plain speech style -(는/ㄴ)다
- for adjectives just add 다
- for verbs cvc(는) / cv(ㄴ)
- for copula -(이)다

Answer 30

내일 저는 학교에 일찍 간다
Tomorrow I will go to school early

Question 31

Plain style of speaking.
create using:
- statement (-다)
- question (-느냐 [verb]/-(으)냐[adjective]/-니)
- command/request (어라/아라)
- proposal (-자)

Answer 31

do on your own

Question 32

Create using: V.S -기로 하다 ‘plan to/decide to’

negatives:
- 안 + verb + 기로 하다
- verb + 지 않기로 하다

Answer 32

이번 여름에 한국에 가기로 했어요
I decided to go to korea this summer

Question 33

Create using: Indirect quotation
- 다고 하다 (Statement)
- (으/느)냐고 하다 (Question)
- (으)라고 하다 (Request_
- 자고 하다 (Proposal)

Answer 33

look at page 160 in text book for examples

Question 34

Create using: 아무리 -어도/어도 ‘no matter how…’

Answer 34

아무리 기다려도 택시를 안 왔어요
no matter how long I wait, the taxi never came

Question 35

Create using: -어/아 보이다
- ‘someone/something appears…, looks…”
- your opinion doesn’t have to be true

Answer 35

스시가 맛있어 보여요
The sushi looks delicious

Question 36

Passive Verbs.
Make sentences with the passive verbs
- 히, 리, 기, 이

use 한테 if animate
use 에 if inanimate

Answer 36

우체부가 개한테 물렸어요
The postman was bitten by a dog

Question 37

Creating using: -어/아 있다 ‘in the state of being…’

Answer 37

저는 의자에 앉아 있어요
I am sitting on the chair

Question 38

Create using: -어/아 가지고
Two uses: sequential and casual relation
- ‘because, since’
- ‘by doing/being’

Answer 38

sequential: 파티에 가 가지고 새 옷을 사야 돼요

casual relation: 제 티비가 작아 가지고 새로 사야 돼요.

Question 39

Create using: -는 데(에) ‘in/for -ing’

Answer 39

라면 끓이는 데에 뭐가 들어가죠?
What goes in the making of ramen

Question 40

passive verb rules:
기, 리, 이, 히

Answer 40

기 verbs: usually end with ㅅ, ㄴ, or irregular conjugations
ex: 뺏다 -> 뺏기다

리 verbs: usually end in ㄹ
ex: 물다 -> 물리다, 팔다 -> 팔리다, 닫다 -> 들어요

이 verbs: usually have no 바침
ex: 보다 -> 보이다, 쓰다 -> 쓰이다

히 verbs: ㄷ,ㅂ,ㄱ ending
ex: 닫다 -> 닫히다, 읽다 -> 읽히다, 잡다 -> 잡히다