食道疾患 Flashcards

1
Q

アカラシアとは

A

Auerbach神経叢の消失・変性によりLESの弛緩不全。食道の蠕動運動障害が生じた状態

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2
Q

アカラシアの症状

A

嚥下障害、胸痛、仰臥位で無胆汁性嘔吐

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3
Q

アカラシアの検査

A

悪性疾患除外のための内視鏡検査、内圧測定で同期性収縮

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4
Q

アカラシアの外科的治療

A

内視鏡的バルーン拡張術→Heller-Dov法(下部筋層切開+噴門形成)

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5
Q

アカラシアの薬物治療

A

Ca拮抗薬、亜硝酸薬(平滑筋の収縮抑制)

ボツリヌス?

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6
Q

胃食道逆流症の胸焼け

A

夜間、食後に増悪

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7
Q

GERDの疫学

A

H.Pyloriの除菌で一時的増悪。大食、加齢、食道裂孔ヘルニアがリスク

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8
Q

GERDの検査

A

内視鏡で発赤びらん→食道内圧測定→24時間pH検査(NERDを疑う)

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9
Q

GERDの薬物的治療

A

胃酸分泌抑制(PPI、H2Blocker)。Ca拮抗薬、抗コリン薬、亜硝酸薬を中止

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10
Q

GERD薬物以外の治療

A

減量、体位、Nissen手術

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11
Q

Mallory-Weiss症候群とは

A

腹圧の急激な上昇でEGJ付近に粘膜下層までの裂創を生じ吐血する

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12
Q

Mallory-Weiss症候群の治療

A

安静絶食で多くが自然止血。→クリッピング

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13
Q

Boerhaave’s symdromeとは

A

特発性食道破裂。全層が破壊、下部左側におおい

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14
Q

食道癌の好発部位

A

胸部中部食道

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