日本語500問 Flashcards

1
Q

Vーた+ものだ

A

used to do; would often do

子どものころはよく川で遊んだものだ。

When I was a child, I often played at the river.

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2
Q

Vーて+ばかりいる

A

only; nothing but

この猫は寝てばかりいます。

This cat does nothing but sleep.

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3
Q

Vーて+くれてありがとう

A

thank someone for something they did

育ててくれてありがとう。

Thank you for raising me.

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4
Q

V(てーform)ちゃいけない・ちゃだめ・じゃいけない・じゃだめ

A

must not; may not; cannot

ねるまえにスマホをみちゃだめよ。

You shouldn’t look at your smartphone before going to bed.

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5
Q

V (てーform) ちゃう

V(てーform)とく(=Vておく)

A

to do something by accident, to finish completely

明日までに宿題をしちゃいます。

I will finish my homework by tomorrow.

置くshows that the verb it conjugates with is done and left there in a certain state. Or if you want to perform a verb for future use.

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6
Q

Vよう(volitional form) + と思う

食べる→食べよう

読む→読もう
買う→買おう

する→しよう
来る→来よう

A

thinking of doing; planning to

ようと思います: more formal
ようと思っている: I am thinking to do~
ようとは思わない: I would not think to

日本に留学しようと思っています。

I’m thinking to go study abroad in Japan.

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7
Q

Vーる・Vーた・Nの+つもりだった

A

I thought I~; I believe I~; was planning to~; was intending to ~

言ったつもりだった。

I thought I said it.

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8
Q

Nのこと

A

Matters concerning N

仕事のことを考えています。

I’m thinking about work.

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9
Q

〜ても・でも

A

Even though; even if

たくさん食べても、お腹が空きます。

Even if I eat a lot, I still feel hungry.

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10
Q

V+ずに+V

Verb ない (ない stem) ず(に)
する changes to せず(に)

e.g., 行く→行かない→行かず
勉強する→勉強せず

A

without doing ~

時間がないので、シャワーを浴びずに出かけます。

I don’t have time, so I’m going out without taking a shower.

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11
Q

Vるな

A

don’t ~ (order somebody to not do something)

晩ごはんの前にデザートを食べるな。

Don’t eat dessert before dinner!

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12
Q

V-る・N・いーAdj・なーAdj+かな

A

I wonder; should I?

雨が降るかな。

I wonder if it’s going to rain.

〜ない かな

To wish; hope / to be concerned about

韓国へ行かないかな。

I hope I can go to Korea.

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13
Q

V-てほしい

A

(I) want someone to~

日本語を教えてほしいです。

I want you to teach me Japanese.

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14
Q

Vる・ように

A

In order to;
Used when the speaker has no control e.g.,

病気にならないように、毎日果物を食べる。

I eat fruit every day to avoid getting sick

ために
In order to;
Used when the speaker has control.

痩せるために、毎日運動します。

I exercise every day to lose weight.

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15
Q

N(で)さえ

A

even; so much as; not even (extreme example) - sentence end in negative form.

そんなこと、子供でさえ知っている。

Even children know that.

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16
Q

N+なんか( (informal)・なと (formal)

A

give examples; show modesty; make light of or belittling something ~

[Give examples] 試験も近いし、テレビなど見ている暇はない。

Exams are close and I don’t have time to do things like watch TV.

[Show modesty] 彼は私なんかよりすごい人だよ。

He is a much better man than I am.

[Make light of] カラオケなんか行きたくない。

I don’t really want to go to karaoke.

17
Q

Vて+なんか

A

deny something

んなことしてなんかいない。

I’m not doing something like that!

18
Q

V-る+しかない

A

have no choice but~

やるしかない。

You just gotta do it.

19
Q

〜というと・と言えば

A

Speaking of/if

シンカポルーと言えば、マリーナベイでしょう。

When it comes to Singapore, Marina Bay is the first thing that comes to mind.

20
Q

N+において・における

A

in; at (place); regarding; as for; in relation to ~ (similar to the use of で but more formal)

今度のオリンピックは東京において開催される。

The upcoming Olympics will be held in Tokyo.

車内における携帯電話のご利用はご遠慮ください。

Please refrain from using mobile phones inside the car.

21
Q

N+に関する (にかんする)・に関して

A

about; regarding; related to ~

給料に関しては不満はない。

I have no complaints regarding my salary.

22
Q

N+に加えて(にくわえて)

A

in addition ~

のどの痛みに加えて、熱も出てきたので学校を休むしかない。

In addition to throat pain, I’ve started getting a fever and have no choice but to miss school.

23
Q

N+によって・により・による

A

according to/depending on ~ N

天気は場所によって違います。

The weather varies by location.