名詞解釋 Flashcards

1
Q

主客浑受

A

「主」指正气而言,包括阴阳、气血、脏腑、血脉等,「客」指病邪(暑湿)而言。主客浑受即指病邪(暑湿)久留,乘精血正气亏耗衰微而深入阴分和血脉之中,并与瘀滞之气血互结,形成络脉凝瘀的顽疾。

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2
Q

*暑厥

A

暑热炽盛时,适逢人体正气虚弱,或小儿稚阴稚阳之体,暑热可直中心包而卒然晕倒,不省人事,手足逆冷者。

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3
Q

*暑风

A

暑热直入肝经而突发晕倒,痉厥,手足抽搐,角弓反张等为“暑風”,亦称“暑痫”

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4
Q

暑瘵

A

暑热炽盛犯及肺,甚至損傷肺絡,而驟然咯血、衄血、咳嗽氣促者

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5
Q

*身热不扬

A

指身热稽留而热象不显,即自觉热势不盛,初扪体表不觉很热,但扪之稍久则觉灼手。(2分)为湿湿病邪在卫气,湿重于热,热为湿遏之象(1分)。

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6
Q

浊邪害清

A

湿热相搏,热蒸湿动,蒙蔽于上,清阳之气被阻遏,必然出现耳聋,鼻塞,头昏目胀,甚或神志昏蒙等症,即叶天士所说“浊邪害清“之候

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7
Q

溫病

A

是由感受溫邪所引起的,以發熱為主症,具有熱象偏重、易代燥傷陰的等特點的一類急性外感疾病

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8
Q

風溫

A

是感受风热病邪所引起的以肺卫表热证为初起证候的急性外感热病,多发于冬春两季

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9
Q

暑溫

A

 是感受暑热病邪所引起的急性外感热病,特點是初起多以陽明氣分熱盛為主要證候,多发于夏至與立秋之間。

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10
Q

水主之氣

A

包括肺腎之氣。泛指人體的津液,溫熱之邪耗傷津液,而致頭面諸竅失去濡潤

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11
Q

兩陽相劫

A

出自叶天士《温热论》:“风挟温热而燥生,清窍必干,为水之气不能上荣,两阳相劫也。”风邪与热邪俱属阳邪,两阳相遇,风火交炽,必劫耗津液,而造成“清窍必干”等津液不能上荣的证候。

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12
Q

益胃

A

叶天士《温热论》中处指温邪始终流连气分的治疗大法,即以轻清之品,清气生津,宣展气机,并灌溉汤液,以振奋正气,使邪气随汗外透。

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13
Q

厥脫(名)

A

– 厥脱是温病过程中的危重症之一,包括厥和脱两种证候。厥一般指昏厥和肢厥。突然昏倒,不省人事为昏厥;四肢逆冷或不温为肢厥,重者逆冷到膝、肘,轻者到踝、腕。脱证为阴阳耗损至极,行将离决,元气不能内守的表现。脱证常伴有神志异常和四肢厥冷,故合称「厥脱」。

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14
Q

戰汗(名)

A

指壮热持续日久的病人,突然发生全身战栗,继而热势升高、大汗淋漓,伴肢冷脉伏的表现,为邪留气分日久,邪正相持,正气奋起鼓邪外出之征象。

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