Zuku Review Questions

Question 1

What are bypass proteins in bovine diets? Give examples

Answer 1

Proteins not digested by rumen and are absorbed in SI

Ex. fish meal, feather meal, soybean meal, and dried distillers grains

Question 2

What is the function of bypass proteins?

Answer 2

Provide the AA building blocks to make milk protein and incr. milk output; help cows conserve BW during peak lactation

Question 2

What specific lab values would you see in a dog with sick euthyroid syndrome?

Answer 2

Low T4
Normal TSH

Question 3

Which breeds have normal serum total and free T4 below the ref range?

Answer 3

Greyhounds and other sighthounds

Question 4

What is the most common intestinal parasite type in SACs?

Answer 4

Nematodes - Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus

Question 5

What is predictive value positive?

Answer 5

a/a+b

if you get a positive test, the likelihood that the patient is actually positive

Question 6

How long is the average gestation period for sheep and goats?

Answer 6

5 months

Question 7

A young intact male dog presents with pale, mucopurulent preputial discharge and occasional licking. No other CS, redness or swelling. What is the condition? How do you tx?

Answer 7

Balanoposthitis; No treatment as most cases spontaneously resolve

Question 8

What is the clinical presentation of cows with Mycoplasma bovis?

Answer 8

Respiratory signs, swollen joints, head tilt, suppurative ear discharge

Question 9

How is Mycoplasma bovis infection confirmed post-mortem?

Answer 9

culture and/or PCR from necropsy samples of infected lung tissue

Question 10

How is Mycoplasma bovis infection diagnosed antemortem?

Answer 10

BAL or TTW with speciation as other less virulent Mycoplasma spp. cause pneumonia

nasal swabs are not reliable

Question 11

How does M. bovis persist in cows? How does this present clinically?

Answer 11

Evades the host immune response; significant proportion of affected animals remain chronically ill/unthrifty

Question 12

How does M. bovis spread in a herd?

Answer 12

Spreads from a few clinically normal carrier animals to large proportion of group, feeding infected milk

Question 13

What is the best method of preventing anthrax in cattle?

Answer 13

Vaccination with modified life spore vaccine (aka Stearn-strain vaccine)

(only admin if hx of anthrax in area)

Question 14

What is the clinical presentation of Newcastle disease?

Answer 14

acute respiratory dz, watery green diarrhea, paralysis, twisted necks, circling, tremors or spasms, misshapen eggs, high morbidity and mortality

Question 15

What is seen on necropsy of chickens with Newcastle disease?

Answer 15

Petechial hemorrhage on mucosal surface of proventriculus and gizzard

Question 16

What is the first step in addressing Newcastle disease?

Answer 16

REPORT to regulatory authorities

Question 17

What is the physiologic effect of a calcium channel blocker?

Answer 17

Anti-arrhythmic (negative chronotrope and negative ionotrope)

Question 18

What plant causes generalized edema in sheep that is most severe in the eyelids, lips, throat region, and ears?

Answer 18

Tetradymia glabrata (horsebrush)
aka bighead

Question 19

What other plant ingestion is commonly seen with horsebrush toxicitiy?

Answer 19

Artemisia nova (common in western USA)

Question 20

What is the physiologic effect of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor?

Answer 20

Increased strength of cardiac contractility (positive ionotropes)

Question 21

How can you manage pneumothorax d/t penetrating axillary wound in a horse?

Answer 21

Pack the wound aseptically in an air-tight manner and aspirate air from right dorsal 12th ICS

Question 22

Under what conditions is a very specific test used?

Answer 22

1. Disease in highly prevalent e.g. kennel cough
2. Early dx or tx does not improve prognosis e.g. Johne’s

Question 23

What is an appropriate first-tier test for equine metabolic syndrome?

Answer 23

resting insulin

Question 24

What medication can be used to prevent or treat wind-up and central sensitization? How does it do this?

Answer 24

Ketamine, Methadone, Amantadine, or Dextromethorphan; by inhibiting the early step at the NMDA receptor

Question 25

Glasserella parasuis is one of only a few gram-negative bacteria susceptible to which abx?

Answer 25

Penicillin

Question 26

What is the etiologic agent of infectious bursal disease?

Answer 26

A birnavirus

Question 27

What are some examples of type IV hypersensitivity?

Answer 27

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis, KCS, autoimmune thyroiditis

Question 28

What is the treatment for a cow with a bleeding abomasal ulcer?

Answer 28

Evaluate lameness, add grass hay to diet, decrease stress, tx concurrent dz, administer IV anti-ulcer meds, blood transfusion if needed

Question 29

What disease is a major problem in farmed deer and is emerging as a threat to farmed bison?

Answer 29

Malignant catarrhal fever

Question 30

What is the most common isolate from horses with mastitis?

Answer 30

Strep zoo

Question 31

What is the clinical presentation of Teschovirus encephalomyelitis?

Answer 31

Paralyzed, neurologic pigs of all ages with fever, lethargy, and anorexia, and NO gross lesions on necropsy

Question 32

What structure is often penetrated during dehorning of adult cattle? What clinical signs can result?

Answer 32

Cornual diverticulum; anorexia, fever, mucopurulent nasal discharge, decreased airflow through nostril, and foul breath