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Physio OSU Dent > Ziolo Midterm > Flashcards

Ziolo Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Hematocrit

A

RBC/Total blood volume

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2
Q

Microcirculation

A

arterioles, capillaries, venules

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3
Q

Force

A

DeltaP/R

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4
Q

Resistance

A

8(Length)(viscosity)/pi(r^4)

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5
Q

Most important factor in resistance

A

radius

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6
Q

Innervation of the atria

A

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic

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7
Q

Innervation of ventricle

A

Sympathetic ONLY

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8
Q

SA Node

A

Pacemaker of heart

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9
Q

Heart Conduction System

A

SA-AV-Bundle of His- Right and Left Bundle Branches- Perkinje Cells

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10
Q

Depolarization phase of myocardial ventricular cell

A

Opening of Na+ channels

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11
Q

Plateau of myocardial ventricular cell

A

Opening of calcium and potassium channels

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12
Q

Repolarization phase of myocardial ventricular cell

A

Opening of potassium channels, closure of calcium

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13
Q

F Channels

A

Leaky Sodium Channels in nodal cells

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14
Q

Depolarization in nodal cell

A

opening of calcium channels

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15
Q

repolarization in nodal cell

A

reopening of potassium channels, closure of calcium

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16
Q

P Wave

A

Atrial depolarization

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17
Q

QRS complex

A

ventricular depolarization

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18
Q

T Wave

A

ventricular repolarization

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19
Q

L Type Channels

A

calcium channels in plasma membrane that allow calcium to flow into cytosol

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20
Q

Why do we need a long refractory period in heart?

A

ventricular filling

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21
Q

First heart sound

A

closure of AV valves

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22
Q

Second heart sound

A

closure of aortic an pulmonary valves

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23
Q

Stenosis

A

narrowing

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24
Q

regurgitation

A

insufficiency

25
Q

How are systemic and pulmonary systems arranged?

A

in series

26
Q

How are organ systems arranged?

A

in parallel

27
Q

Systole

A

ventricles contracting

28
Q

diastole

A

ventricles relaxed

29
Q

Cardiac Output

A

HR x SV

30
Q

Stroke Volume

A

amount of blood ejected per cycle; EDV-ESV

31
Q

How to speed up heart rate

A

increase sympathetic innervation, decrease parasympathetic

32
Q

3 Factors influencing SV

A

Pre-load, Afterload, sympathetic input

33
Q

Frank Starling Mechanism

A

Illustrates effects on stroke volume

34
Q

How do sympathetics influence contraction and relaxation of heart

A

Stronger and more rapid contraction and more rapid relaxation

35
Q

How do sympathetics increase SV

A

by increasing calcium

36
Q

Compliance

A

deltaV/deltaP

37
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

SP-DP

38
Q

MAP

A

DP + 1/3(SP-DP)

39
Q

Sympathetic Stimulation to alpha adrenergic receptors

A

vasoconstriction; less blood supply

40
Q

Sympathetic Stimulation to beta adrenergic receptors

A

vasodilation; increase blood supply to that area

41
Q

Do capillaries have smooth muscles

A

No, punk

42
Q

Filtration

A

movement of fluid and solutes out of blood

43
Q

Absorption

A

movement of fluid and solutes into blood

44
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

outward force away from the fluid

45
Q

Osmotic force due to plasma protein concentration

A

inward force pulling fluid towards it

46
Q

Erythropoietin

A

release by kidneys in response to low oxygen to signal production of more erythrocytes in bone marrow

47
Q

Anemia

A

decreased ability of blood to carry oxygen due to decreases total number of erythrocytes or diminshed concentration of hemoglobin

48
Q

2 processes of hemostasis

A

platelet plug formation and coagulation

49
Q

most important factor for clotting

A

thrombin

50
Q

Why is liver important in clotting

A

help absorb vit K which is needed to make prothrombin

51
Q

Protein C, TFPI, and Antithrombin III

A

limit clotting

52
Q

Total Peripheral Resistance

A

sume of resistance from all systemic blood vessels

53
Q

MAP

A

CO x TPR= Mean Systemic Arterial Pressure

54
Q

Barroreceptors

A

monitor blood pressure, especially in aortic arch and carotid sinuses

55
Q

Main reason CO increases during excercise

A

HR

56
Q

Shock

A

any situation with decrease in blood to organs; can be hypovolemic, low-resistance, or cardiogenic

57
Q

Ischemia

A

Atherosclerotic narrowing of coronary artery resulting in decreased blood supply to myocardium

58
Q

Infarction

A

when severe ischemia causes myocardial damage

59
Q

Angina pectoris

A

chest pain associated with ischemia or infarction

Physio OSU Dent (1 decks)

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