Zinc Flashcards
30-40 % of intracellular zinc is found where?
nucleus
What are good sources of zinc?
red meats and seafood
Major transporter used by zinc to cross brush border?
Zrt and Irt-like protein (ZIP4)
Acrodermatitis enteropathica is caused by a mutation in what?
ZIP4
Zinc inhibits absorption of what mineral?
copper
What are the two families of zinc transporters?
- ZnT family with 10 isoforms
2. ZIP family with 14
How is zinc transported through the basolateral boarder membrane?
ZnT1
Zinc can be used functionally in what?
metalloenzymes
Zinc is transported into organelles and vesicles by what?
ZnT2 and ZnT7
Zinc can be stored on what cysteine rich protein?
metallothionein
Metallothionein binds how many zinc atoms?
7
What are the most abundant isoforms of metallothionein?
MT1 and MT2
ZIP14 transports what?
zinc into hepatocytes
- protective
ZIP5 transports what?
zinc out of the body into intestinal cells and into the GI lumen for excretion
In addition to zinc, metallothionein can also bind what?
copper, cadmium, and mercury
What can be used as a zinc status marker?
Metallothionein
What mineral is apart of more enzyme systems than all the other minerals combined?
zinc
What are the 10 zinc dependent enzymes?
- carbonic anhydrase
- alcohol dehydrogenase
- Carboxypeptidase
- aminopeptidase
- alkaline phosphatase (bone mineralization)
- aminolevulinic acid dehydratase
- superoxide dismutase (SOD)
- Folylpolyglutamate carboxypeptidase
- Collagenase and other matrix metalloproteinases
- DNA/RNA polymerase
The zinc dependent enzyme alkaline phosphatase is used for what?
bone mineralization
In lead poisoning lead replaces zinc on what enzyme?
aminolevulinic acid dehydratase
- resulting in microcytic hypochromic anemia
Zinc is a part of what taste protein?
gustin
What important hormone needs zinc for structural stability?
insulin in the granules of pancreatic B-cells
- contains 2 zinc ions
Polymorphisms of which zinc transporter may predispose them to type ll diabetes?
ZnT8
How can zinc deficiencies affect immunity?
zinc deficiency can diminish thymulin activity which affects T cell numbers
