Zimbardo Flashcards

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1
Q

Stanford Prison Experiment

A

Philip Zimbardo 1970s

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2
Q

Aim of the SPE

A

To find out: Do guards mistreat prisoners because of their personality or their role?

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3
Q

Social Roles

A

“The parts people play as members of various social groups”

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4
Q

Zimbardo’s conclusion of his study

A

He claimed that social roles have a strong influence on individuals’ behaviour.

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5
Q

1/3

A

Amount of guards that became brutal and sadistic.
Amount of guards that helped prisoners.
Amount of guards that didn’t participate in degrading behaviour towards prisoners.

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6
Q

What happened to the prisoners?

A

They became submissive and withdrawn.

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7
Q

6 days

A

The amount of time the experiment actually lasted for.

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8
Q

2 weeks

A

The amount of time the experiment should have lasted for.

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9
Q

What were the two rules that the guards needed to follow?

A

No physical violence/abuse and no solitary confinement of prisoners for over 1 hour.

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10
Q

What did Zimbardo have control over?

A

Key variables

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11
Q

Selection of participants

A

Zimbardo selected emotionally stable participants who were randomly assigned the role of guard or prisoner.

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12
Q

How did random assignment of roles improve the experiment?

A

It ruled out individual personality differences as an explanation of their findings eg. Introverts and extroverts.

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13
Q

Internal Validity

A

The control over key variables increased the internal validity of the experiment. Because of this we are more confident in the conclusions about the influence of roles on conformity.

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14
Q

Limitation to Zimbardo’s study

A

Lack of realism

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15
Q

Ali Banuazizi and Siamak Movahedi (1975)

A

Stated that the participants were just play-acting and not conforming. Believed that the prisoners and guards based their performance on stereotypes. This could be an explanation as to why the prisoners rioted. Therefore, the study tells us little about conformity in real life.

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16
Q

Counterpoint to lack of realism

A

Mark McDermott (2019) argued that the participants did behave as if they were in a real prison.

17
Q

90%

A

Amount of prisoners MM claimed whose conversations were about prison life.

18
Q

Prisoner 416

A

Explained that he believed the prison was a real one run by psychologists and not by the government.

19
Q

Fromm (1973)

A

Claimed that Zimbardo may have exaggerated the power of social roles to influence behaviour. He may have only looked at statistics that supported his hypothesis. Zimbardo overstated his view that SPE participants were conforming to their roles and minimised influence of dispositional factors such as personality.