Zika Virus Flashcards
What is another work for Zika Virus ?
Flavivirus
Is there a known incubation period?
no, but it is thought to be a few days
what are the symptoms of Zika Virus ?
fever, skin rashes, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise, and headache
mild and lasts 2-7 day
Similar to other arbovirus infections such as dengue
What is the vector for Zika Virus?
Aedes aegyptiandAedes. albopictus
what other virus does this mosquito transmit ?
Also transmits dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever.
what are the 2 types of transmission of zika ?
- sylvatic- bt non humans and forest dwelling mosquitoes
2. urban- bt humans and mosquitoes
when zika first emerged, what was the concern?
they thought it was dengue or chikungunya, cases were mistaken and not accurately diagnosed
define Emerging Infection
an infection whose incidence has increased from the last 2 decades or threatens to increases in the future
define Necessary
factor MUST be present to cause disease
define sufficient
Presence of factor is sufficient to cause the disease, doesn’t always have to be present for disease to occur
List 5 factors that likely lead to the emergence of Zika in the Americas.
- movement of zika to the americas
- immunologically native population
- competent vector present in the population
- poor or no mosquito control program
- large population that can’t afford repellant, screens or AC
List 3 possible reasons why microcephaly was not previously found to be associated with Zika? Indicate if likely.
- virus mutated
- In smaller populations rare events in pregnant women may have been seen
- Zika does not cause microcephaly
what study design would you use to determine if zika was sexually transmitted ?
case control study , where there is frequent travel americas and where zika has been reported
cases are lab confirmed cases of zika with those who have regular sex partner
what other infections cause microcephaly ?
rubella, toxoplasmosis, or cytomegalovirus
exposure to alcohol, drugs, toxic chemicals
severe malnutrition
interrupted blood supply to baby brain
describe the French Polynesia study
found an association between zika and microcephaly
the higher risk was the 1st trimester
