Zero to finals - Pregnancy timeline and general terminology.

Question 1

What does LMP stand for, and what does it refer to?

Answer 1

LMP stands for Last Menstrual Period, referring to the date of the first day of the most recent menstrual period.

Question 2

What is Gestational Age (GA)?

Answer 2

The duration of the pregnancy starting from the date of the last menstrual period.

Question 3

What is the Estimated Date of Delivery (EDD)?

Answer 3

The estimated date of delivery, typically at 40 weeks gestation

Question 4

What does Gravida (G) represent?

Answer 4

The total number of pregnancies a woman has had.

Question 5

Who is a Primigravida?

Answer 5

A patient that is pregnant for the first time.

Question 6

Who is a Multigravida?

Answer 6

A patient that is pregnant for at least the second time.

Question 7

What does Para (P) represent?

Answer 7

The number of times the woman has given birth after 24 weeks gestation, regardless of whether the fetus was alive or stillborn.

Question 8

Who is considered Nulliparous (“nullip”)?

Answer 8

A patient that has never given birth after 24 weeks gestation.

Question 9

What does Primiparous (“primip”) mean?

Answer 9

Technically, a patient that has given birth after 24 weeks gestation once before. However, it is often used on the labor ward to refer to a woman that is due to give birth for the first time.

Question 10

How is the pregnancy timeline determined?

Answer 10

It is determined by the Last Menstrual Period (LMP), which helps calculate Gestational Age (GA) and Estimated Date of Delivery (EDD).

Question 11

What does Multiparous (“multip”) mean?

Answer 11

A patient that has given birth after 24 weeks gestation two or more times.

Question 12

What would G4 P3 indicate

Answer 12

Pregnant woman with three previous deliveries at term: G4 P3

Question 13

What would G1 P1 indicate

Answer 13

Non-pregnant woman with a previous birth of healthy twins: G1 P1

Question 14

What would G1 P0 +1 indicate ?

Answer 14

Non-pregnant woman with a previous miscarriage: G1 P0 + 1

Question 15

What would G1P1 indicate ?

Answer 15

Non-pregnant woman with a previous stillbirth (after 24 weeks gestation): G1 P1

Question 16

What are the three trimesters in pregnancy ?

Answer 16

First Trimester: Start of pregnancy until 12 weeks gestation.

Second Trimester: 13 weeks until 26 weeks gestation.

Third Trimester: 27 weeks gestation until birth.

Question 17

When do fetal movements typically begin ?

Answer 17

Around 20 weeks

Question 18

When are clinics/ appointments booked ?

Answer 18

Question 19

What is covered at routine antenatal appointments?

Answer 19

Discuss plans for the remainder of the pregnancy and delivery.

Measure symphysis-fundal height (from 24 weeks).

Assess fetal presentation (from 36 weeks).

Conduct urine dipstick tests (check for protein as a sign of pre-eclampsia).

Monitor blood pressure (pre-eclampsia risk).

Perform urine microscopy and culture (check for asymptomatic bacteriuria).

Question 20

Q: Which vaccines are recommended during pregnancy?

Answer 20

Whooping cough (pertussis): From 16 weeks gestation.

Influenza (flu): During autumn or winter when available.

Question 21

Are live vaccines safe during pregnancy?

Answer 21

No, live vaccines (e.g., MMR) are avoided during pregnancy.

Question 22

When would an oral glucose tolerance test be preformed ?

Answer 22

women at risk of gestational diabetes (between 24 – 28 weeks)

Question 23

When would an anti-d infection be given ?

Answer 23

Anti-D injections in rhesus negative women (at 28 and 34 weeks)

Question 24

When would women with placenta previa get a ultrasound scan ?

Answer 24

Ultrasound scan at 32 weeks for women with placenta praevia on the anomaly scan

Question 25

Who gets serial growth scans ?

Answer 25

Serial growth scans are offered to women at increased risk of fetal growth restriction

Question 26

What is placenta previa ?

Answer 26

Placenta praevia is a condition in pregnancy where the placenta is implanted abnormally low in the uterus, partially or completely covering the cervix. This can lead to complications such as vaginal bleeding, particularly in the third trimester, and may necessitate a cesarean delivery depending on the severity. It is typically diagnosed via ultrasound, often during the anomaly scan (18-20+6 weeks).