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Question 1

Bipolar neurons are ________.

Answer 1

sensory neurons for the senses of hearing, equilibrium, vision, and smell

Question 2

Parasympathetic stimulation ________.

Answer 2

decreases blood supply to skeletal muscles and increases blood supply to digestive organs

Question 3

Sensory areas for hearing are located in the ________.

Answer 3

temporal lobe

Question 4

The ________ controls skeletal muscles

Answer 4

promoter area

Question 5

The axons of the parasympathetic postganglionic neurons secrete ________.

Answer 5

acetylcholine

Question 6

The cerebrospinal fluid is formed in the ________.

Answer 6

lateral, the 3rd, and the 4th ventricles

Question 7

In the process of depolarization of a neuron, the ________ flow of Na+ causes the ECF along the outside of plasma membrane to become ________ charged.

Answer 7

inward; negatively

Question 8

In the process of repolarization of a neuron, the ________ flow of K+ causes the ECF along the outside of plasma membrane to become ________ charged.

Answer 8

outward; positively

Question 9

Which of the following generates and transmits nerve impulses that arouse the cerebrum to wakefulness?

Answer 9

Reticular formation

Question 10

Unipolar neurons are ________.

Answer 10

sensory neurons other than the ones for the senses of hearing, equilibrium, vision, and smell

Question 11

Which of the following controls body temperature?

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

______ is the innermost membrane of the meninges

Answer 12

pia meter

Question 13

Which of the following is a general function of the nervous system?

Answer 13

Detection of internal and external environmental changes

Question 14

The ________ controls the ability to speak.

Answer 14

motor speech area

Question 15

________ is caused by an insufficient delivery of the neurotransmitter dopamine to neurons in certain basal nuclei within the cerebrum.

Answer 15

Parkinson disease

Question 16

The ________ of the spinal cord contain the interneurons

Answer 16

posterior horns

Question 17

The posterior root ganglion contains the ________.

Answer 17

cell bodies of sensory neurons

Question 18

Mood disorders, such as depression, are usually a result of malfunction of the ________.

Answer 18

limbic system

Question 19

When a neuron is activated by a threshold stimulation, ________ channels open, which allows these ions to quickly ________.

Answer 19

sodium ion; diffuse into the neuron

Question 20

The autonomic division is involved in controlling ________.

Answer 20

cardiac muscle, glands, and adipose tissue

Question 21

If a neuron’s cell body and dendrites are located in the CNS while its axon is located in PNS, this neuron is a(n) ________.

Answer 21

motor neuron

Question 22

Sensory areas for vision are located in the ________.

Answer 22

occipital lobe

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spinal cord?

Answer 23

It interprets the sensory nerve action potentials as sensations.

Question 24

Which of the following is involved in sleep and wakefulness?

Answer 24

Hypothalamus

Question 25

The ________ releases the neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.

Answer 25

terminal bouton

Question 26

At a synapse, the receptors for the neurotransmitters are located ________.

Answer 26

on the plasma membrane of the postsynaptic neuron

Question 27

________ is the outermost layer of the meninges.

Answer 27

dura meter

Question 28

________ is the middle membrane of the meninges.

Answer 28

archanoid meter

Question 29

The sciatic nerves arise from ________ plexus.

Answer 29

sacral

Question 30

The ________ are bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated axons of interneurons that extend up and down within the spinal cord.

Answer 30

nerve tracts

Question 31

Multipolar neurons are ________.

Answer 31

either motor neurons or interneurons

Question 32

The cell bodies of the sympathetic postganglionic neurons are located in the ________.

Answer 32

autonomic ganglia located far away from the effectors

Question 33

Brainstem refers to the part of the brain consisting of the ________.

Answer 33

medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain

Question 34

The motor division of the nervous system carries action potentials from ________.

Answer 34

the CNS to the effectors

Question 35

The ________ is a reflex center that controls and coordinates the interaction of skeletal muscles.

Answer 35

cerebellum

Question 36

In a resting neuron, concentrations of ________ are higher in the ECF than that in the cytosol, whereas ________ have the opposite distribution.

Answer 36

sodium and chloride ions; potassium ions

Question 37

________ are involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid.

Answer 37

Ependymal cells

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a general function of the nervous system?

Answer 38

Detection of all stimuli

Question 39

The ________ of the spinal cord contain the cell bodies of motor neurons of the autonomic division.

Answer 39

lateral horns

Question 40

The cell bodies of the parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are located in the ________.

Answer 40

autonomic ganglia located very near or within the effectors

Question 41

The ________ increases the speed of action potential transmission.

Answer 41

myelin sheath

Question 42

The phrenic nerves arise from ________ plexus.

Answer 42

cervical

Question 43

In a resting neuron, the plasma membrane is ________.

Answer 43

more permeable to potassium ions than to sodium ions

Question 44

If a neuron is located entirely in the CNS, this neuron is a(n) ________.

Answer 44

interneuron

Question 45

The cell bodies of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the ________.

Answer 45

spinal cord only

Question 46

Nerves from ________ plexus innervate the skin and muscles of pectoral girdles and upper limbs.

Answer 46

brachial

Question 47

The anterior roots of the spinal nerves contain the ________.

Answer 47

axons of motor neurons

Question 48

The ________ of the spinal cord contain the cell bodies of somatic motor neurons.

Answer 48

anterior horns

Question 49

________ is associated with a loss of certain cholinergic neurons in the brain and a reduced ability of neurons to secret acetylcholine.

Answer 49

Alzheimer disease