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Science > Yr9 Bioligy > Flashcards

Yr9 Bioligy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gene

A

Section of DNA that codes for a particular trait

or characteristic.

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2
Q

Allele

A

A different form of a gene that codes for a different version of a characteristic.

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3
Q

Genotype

A

A description of the pair of alleles present for a characteristic.

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4
Q

Phenotype

A

The physical expression of the alleles.

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5
Q

Homozygeous is means…

A

A Pair of alleles that produce characteristics that are the same, e.g. HH.

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6
Q

Heterozygous means…

A

A Pair of alleles that produce characteristics that are different, e.g. Hh.

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7
Q

Dominant means…

A

The allele that is represented by a capital letter e.g Gg, GG

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8
Q

Recessive means…

A

An allele that is represented by a small letter e.g hh

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9
Q

A clone is…

A

A clone is an organism that is genetically identical to its parent

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10
Q

What is DNA?

A

DNA is a complex molecule that contains all of the information necessary to build and maintain an organism. All living things have DNA within their cells.

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11
Q

The recessive allele is always the corrosponding small letter

A

gg= Recessive

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12
Q

Cells contain a…

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

Nucleus contain…

A

Chromosomes

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14
Q

Chromosomes made up of thin threads are called…

A

DNA

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15
Q

DNA have sections that are called…

A

Genes

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16
Q

Genes control your…

A

Characteristics

17
Q

Polydactyly is…

A

When you have more than 5 fingers

18
Q

Cystic fybrosis is when…

A

A person with cystic fybrosis has thicker mucus than normal, leading to a blockage in the lungs making it harder to breath.
Cystic fibrosis is reccesive

19
Q

Selectively breading is when you…

A

Decide which characteristics are the most important. For example, the farmer wishes to selectively breed sheep that produce large, good quality fleeces.

20
Q

Cloning in plants

A

The two ways a plant can be cloned are : cutting or tissue cultures.

21
Q

What are the pros and cons of selectively breeding

A

Cons : your animals or plants can get inbred so they are more prone to disease.

Pros : you will get your desired characteristics.

22
Q

Genetic engineering is…

A

A technique for changing the genetic information of a cell.

23
Q

Transgenic means…

A

Transgenic means that one or more DNA sequences from another species have been introduced by artificial means. Transgenic plants can be made by introducing foreign DNA into a variety of different tissues.

Science (4 decks)

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