yr8 spring Flashcards
what is natural law?
the theory that humans are preprogrammed to do good
what is hedonism?
when a person tries to have the most amount of pleasure and avoids pain
give a one strength and one weakness of the categorical imperative
strength: in most situations you will receive a positive outcome
weakness: in some situations if you tell a truth it could lead to a negative outcome
give one strength and one weakness of utilitarianism
strength: you can apply it in most situations
weakness: it can affect you if you need to sacrifice something
who came up with the theory of the categorical imperative?
Immanuel Kant
give a one strength and one weakness of deontology
strength: you can benefit from doing the right thing
weakness: sometimes you need to bad to do good and a deontologist wouldn’t support that
give an example of utilitarianism
trolly problem - there are 2 tracks, one has 1 person on it and the other has 5 people on it. However there is a switch, if you pull the switch it will go onto the other track, only killing 1 person however if you leave the switch, you will kill 5 people. Do you pull it or not?
what is deontology?
behaving in a way that makes you always do the right thing
give a one strength and one weakness of hedonism
strength: you can receive a positive feeling from the decisions you make
weakness: some things cam feel good but have a negative on your body or the people around you e.g. smoking
what is utilitarianism?
when the outcome of a decision has the greatest number of happiness for the greatest number of people
give an example of deontology
your in a business with another person. They however tend to be quite reckless and disruptive and could ruin your reputation. You made a promise to stick with that person and continue to work the business with them. Do you cut ties or not?
give a one strength and one weakness of natural law
strength: most people follow this theory
weakness: some people wouldn’t like to do reproduction and some people can’t afford education
give an example of categorical imperative
nuclear detonator problem - there’s a man right in front of you. He has a detonator to explode several nuclear bombs throughout the world that would kill all life on earth. You are an assassin and you have a gun aimed at the man. If you shoot him you will stop him from detonating the bomb and save the world however if you don’t shoot him he will press the detonator. Do you shoot him or not?
give a one strength and one weakness of social contract
strength: people follow good rules by their ruler like no stealing or no gun violence
weakness: people’s rulers can trick them into doing the wrong thing for example the hunger games
give an example of natural law
you and your partner have just gotten married and you are thinking about having children. However you don’t want to have kids but your partner does. You have the power to persuade her into not having kids. Do you persuade her or not?
