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YR 4 CARDIO > YR4 CARDIO MANAGEMENT > Flashcards

YR4 CARDIO MANAGEMENT Flashcards

1
Q

Name 5 components of the pharmacological management of IHD with an example for each component

A
  1. Lipid lowering- atorvastatin
  2. anti-hypertensive- BBs and ACEIs
  3. anti-anginal- BB or nitrate
  4. antiplatelet therapy-aspirin or clopidogrel
  5. Blood sugar control
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2
Q

What is the first line for patients with pericarditis after pericardiocentesis? What two medications are given alongside?

A
  1. NSAID
  2. PPI
  3. Colchicine
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3
Q

What is the definitive management of pericarditis?

A

Pericardiocentesis

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4
Q

What is the second line management of pericarditis?

A

Corticosteoids

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5
Q

Name the 6 components of the acute management of STEMI

A
  1. Aspirin
  2. Clopidogrel (dual antiplatelet therapy)
  3. Morphine
  4. Oxygen PRN
  5. Nitrate
  6. Anti-emetic- ondansetron
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6
Q

If required which fibrinolysis agent can be given in STEMI?

A

Alteplase

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7
Q

Which drugs make up the secondary prevention pack for patients post MI?

A
  • Dual antiplatelet therapy
  • ACEI
  • BB
  • Statin
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8
Q

Which 3 drugs should be given to a haemodynamically stable patient in acute heart failure?

A
  • Loop diuretic- furosemide
  • Vasodilator- GTN IV
  • Oxygen
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9
Q

Which two medications should be given in a haemodynamically unstable pt in acute heart failure?

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Inotrope/vasopressor (milrinone/adrenaline)
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10
Q

There are 7 classes of drugs involved in the management of chronic congestive heart failure. Which one is first line? Which one is a plus medication? Which 5 are optional adjuncts?

A
  1. ACEI
  2. BB
  3. Digoxin
  4. Ivabradine
  5. Loop diuretic
  6. Aldosterone antagonist
  7. Isosorbide nitrate
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11
Q

What are the scoring categories of the NY heart failure score?

A
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12
Q

In newly diagnosed patients with CHF, congestion and volume overload should be promptly treated with 1_____, which may be given intravenously in the initial phase.

In patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), in addition to diuretics, 2_____, 3______, and 4_______should be added.

In unstable patients, 5_____ should be initiated only after stabilisation, optimisation of volume status, and discontinuation of inotropes. 6_____ should be initiated at a low dose.

In patients with CHF and reduced LVEF who are hospitalised with exacerbation of heart failure, unless there is evidence of low cardiac output or haemodynamic instability or contraindication, both 7_____ and 8_____ should be continued.

A
  1. diuretics
  2. ACEI
  3. BBs
  4. Aldosterone antagonists
  5. BBs
  6. BBs
  7. ACEIs
  8. BBs
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13
Q

What is the management of Torsades de pointes?

A

2g IV Mg2+ over 10 mins

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14
Q
  • tachycardia
  • Broad QRS
  • Regular
  • Thinking VT
  • Whats the management?
A

Amiodarone IV

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15
Q
  • tachycardia
  • Broad QRS
  • Regular
  • Thinking SVT with BBB
  • Whats the management?
A

Treat as for narrow complex

  1. vagal manoeuvre
  2. IV adenosine
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16
Q
  • tachycardia
  • Broad QRS
  • Irregular
  • Thinking AF BBB
  • Whats the management?
A

Treat as for narrow complex

  1. vagal manoeuvre
  2. IV adenosine
17
Q
  • tachycardia
  • Broad QRS
  • Irregular
  • Thinking pre-excited AF
  • Whats the management?
A
  1. IV amiodarone
18
Q

What is the first line management of AF in a patient with heart failure? 3 options

A
  1. BB
  2. Digoxin
  3. amiodarone
19
Q

What is the first line management of AF in a patient without heart failure? 2 options

A
  1. BB
  2. CCB
20
Q

What are the two components of chronic AF care?

A
  1. Stroke prevention. In high-risk individuals with AF, commonly used oral anticoagulation agents for stroke prevention are warfarin or a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, or edoxaban.
  2. Rate control. All patients with paroxysmal/persistent AF and no heart disease and who require rate control are treated initially with a beta-blocker, diltiazem, verapamil, or digoxin. Beta-blockers are the preferred choice, but alternative agents should be used if they are contraindicated or if an increased risk of side effects is present (e.g., asthma). Fleicanide can also be prescribed for rhythm control.
21
Q

What is the management of bradycardia?

A

IV atropine

22
Q
A

YR 4 CARDIO (5 decks)

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