YR 9, 3RD QUARTER Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

Q

describes what the atmosphere is like at a given time and place (described by factors such as temperatures, humidity, precipitation, air pressure, wind, and visibility)

A

WEATHER

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

scientists that study and predict the weather are called

A

METEOROLOGIST

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

refers to the long-term weather patterns of a place

A

CLIMATE

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

the study of the entire atmosphere, including the weather

A

METEOROLOGY

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

the measure of how hot or cold something is

A

TEMPERATURE

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

used to measure the temperature

A

THERMOMETER

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

the temperature at which more condensation than evaporation occurs

A

DEW POINT

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

the amount of water vapor in the air, as more water evaporates, this increases

A

HUMIDITY

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

any form of water that falls to the earth’s surface from the clouds is called

A

precipitation (e.g. rain, snow, hail, and sleet)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

falling droplets of liquid water

A

rain

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

falls when the temperature in the cloud is below freezing

A

snow

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

rain that freezes as it falls

A

sleet

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

forms when drops of rain freeze and strong winds carry them higher into a cloud

A

hail

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

identify the cloud being described:
low clouds: sheet like, no turbulence, may be risen fog, light drizzle or snow, close to the earth’s surface, can hide danger

A

stratus

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Where does a continental polar air mass form?

A

Northern Canada

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

These are tiny solid particles or liquid droplets that remain suspended in the atmosphere for a long time.

A

AEROSOLS

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Classify the following clouds as LOW, MIDDLE, or HIGH clouds.

Altostratus Clouds

A

MIDDLE

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Classify the following clouds as LOW, MIDDLE, or HIGH clouds.

Stratocumulus clouds

A

LOW

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Classify the following clouds as LOW, MIDDLE, or HIGH clouds.

Cumulonimbus

A

LOW

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Classify the following clouds as LOW, MIDDLE, or HIGH clouds.

Cirrus clouds

A

HIGH

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Classify the following clouds as LOW, MIDDLE, or HIGH clouds.

Cirrocumulus clouds

A

HIGH

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Classify the following clouds as LOW, MIDDLE, or HIGH clouds.

Nimbostratus clouds

A

LOW

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Weather is studied and predicted by scientists called

A

METEOROLOGIST

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

How does a warm front form?

Select one:

a.
Cold air moves under warm air and pushes it up.

b.
Warm air moves over cold air and replaces it.

c.
Two air masses meet and stay separated.

d.
Warm air becomes caught between cold air masses.

A

b.
Warm air moves over cold air and replaces it.

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

An increase in altitude causes

LOWER TEMPERATURE

This is also known as the Orographic Effect.

RAIN SHADOW

The volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapor content

AIR MASS

A measure of the difference between continental and marine climates characterized by the increased range of temperatures that occurs over land compared with water.

CONTINENTALITY

The distance from the equator that is one of the most important factors in determining climate.

LATITUDE

This refers to long term variations in the orbit of the Earth which result in changes in climate over periods hundred of thousands of years and are related to ice age cycles.

MILANKOVITCH

What is usually at the windward side of a mountain? Select one: a. abundant and green b. a desert c. has warm and sinking air d. area with no precipitation

c. has warm and sinking air

What is usually found on the leeward side of a mountain? Select one: a. desert b. forest c. sea d. swamp

a. desert

This is the temperature at which more condensation than evaporation occurs.

DEW POINT

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas? Select one: a. methane b. carbon dioxide c. nitrous oxide d. sulfur oxides

d. sulfur oxides

Identify the following statements if CORRECT or INCORRECT. Elevation is the distance from the equator.

INCORRECT

Identify the following statements if CORRECT or INCORRECT. Most temperate climates have one season.

INCORRECT

Extreme weather events can be caused by changes in climate.

CORRECT

Very warm water provides the best energy source for hurricanes.

CORRECT

Climate is the average or typical weather conditions for a given area.

CORRECT

Weather can be affected by changes in the Earth’s surface temperature.

CORRECT

Pressure systems blow from areas of high pressure to low pressure centers.

CORRECT

In southern hemisphere, cold air from the polar region comes from the south.

CORRECT

A climate zone is an area that has similar average temperatures and precipitation throughout.

CORRECT

Places near the coast are often warmer in summer and cooler in winter than places far away from the ocean.

INCORRECT

The sea god Poseidon placed the figure of Cassiopeia among the stars to remind people of her humility. Select one: True False

FALSE

Which of the following is an accurate comparison between a white dwarf star (like Sirius B) and the Sun? a. The white dwarf has about the same mass as the Sun, but packed into a much smaller volume. b. The white dwarf has the same size as the Sun, but a much smaller mass. c. The white dwarf, despite the name, is a much larger star than the Sun. d. The white dwarf, unlike the Sun, is a star that never underwent nuclear fusion in its interior

a. The white dwarf has about the same mass as the Sun, but packed into a much smaller volume.

Which of the following is the brightest star of the Cygnus constellation? a. Deneb b. Antares c. Schedar d. Betelguese

DENEB

How many zodiac constellations are there? a. 12 b. 8 c. 6 d. 10

12

The region of the HR diagram with the most stars.

MAIN SEQUENCE

A star's brightness as if it were a standard distance.

ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE

The brightness of a star as seen from Earth.

APPARENT MAGNITUDE

A graph of stars showing temperature on the x-axis and brightness on the y-axis

HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM

The unit used to measure distances between stars.

LIGHT YEAR

These are areas of gas on the sun that are cooler than the gases around them.

SUNSPOTS

This is the earliest stage of a star's life.

PROTOSTAR

A huge cloud of gas or dust in space

NEBULA

Formed from the leftover material after a giant star explodes, with three times the mass of the sun, but a diameter of only about 20 kilometers.

NEUTRON STAR

An explosion that occurs at the end of a giant star's life.

SUPERNOVA

Exerts a strong gravitational pull that no electromagnetic radiation can escape.

BLACK HOLE

This is what an average-sized star becomes at the end of its life.

WHITE DWARF

How many official constellations are there?

88

When a nebula grows and the force of gravity attracts more and more dust and gas, the temperature warms and a ____ is formed.

PROTOSTAR

The Polaris is the northern star while the Cross is the southern star. Select one: True False

TRUE

The length of time a star lives and its fate depends on its ___.

MASS

Both Orion and Scorpius were placed in the sky and are seen in the sky at the same time. Select one: True False

FALSE

What color of the stars are most numerous?

RED

This is a prominent constellation in the northern hemisphere and said to be the third largest constellation in the sky.

URSA MAJOR

Which of the constellations is prominent enough in the southern sky to be featured on several national flags in the southern hemisphere, and can never be seen from most locations north of the equator?

URSA MINOR

When a star finishes `core hydrogen burning’, and transitions to `burning’ hydrogen in a shell around its core, what would we observe if we could look at the star from the outside? a. The intense energy from the `shell hydrogen burning’ would cause it to contract and cool off, moving down and to the left on the H-R diagram. b. This transition doesn’t actually have any visible effect on the surface of the star, since all the extra energy stays deep in the interior. c. It would get larger and cooler, moving off the main sequence toward the red giant branch of the H-R diagram. d. The star would keep the same surface temperature, but would move vertically upward on the H-R diagram, toward higher luminosity.

c. It would get larger and cooler, moving off the main sequence toward the red giant branch of the H-R diagram.

An intermediate mass star, like the Sun lives for about ____ billion years.

10

The opening from which a volcano flows.

VENT

Funnel shaped pit at the top of a volcano. Formed when materials are blown out of the volcano by explosion.

CRATER

Formed when the volcano collapses due to an empty magma chamber.

CALDERA

TRUE OR FALSE Mount Mazama is an example of a crater lake volcano

TRUE

It is the pile of lava, dust, ashes, and rock around the vent. Shapes may differ.

VOLCANIC CONE

The magma that feeds the eruptions pools deep underground in a structure is called a

MAGMA CHAMBER

The molten rock expelled by a volcano during an eruption.

LAVA

Refers to the thin horizontal sheets of hardened magma between layers

SILLS

Blister-like intrusions, usually near the surface that form when magma pushes overlying layers upward

LACCOLITHS

Thin vertical sheets of hardened magma intruded into fractures in the crust.

DIKES

Usually granitic and cover hundreds or thousands of square meters.

BATHOLITHS

The pipe at the heart of a volcano where material wells up from beneath the surface,

VOLCANO CONDUIT

Does not involve the magmatic conduit

FLANK COLLAPSE

Affects the magmatic conduit

SECTOR COLLAPSE

Measure the thickness of a fluid

VISCOSITY higher = thique (ex. syrup, shampoo) lower = less thique (ex. water, milk)

HIGH OR LOW VISCOSITY: Explosive eruptions

HIGH