Yr 8 Science exam term 1 flashcards
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Magnification
Making something larger than its actual size
Cells
The smallest building blocks of a living organism
Microscopy
The use of microscopes to view small objects.
What is the cell theory?
All living things are made up of cells, cells are the basic units of organisms, cells arise from preexisting cells
Unicellular
Made of a single cell
Multicellular
Consisting of many cells
Prokaryotic cell
Relativley simple self sufficcient players. They are only found in uncellular organisms such as bacteria
Eukaryotic cell
Are complex and can exist as unicellular organisms or work together as multicellular to form larger organisms.
What is a Microscope?
An instrument that makes small objects look larger
What are Micrometres
Measures 1 millionth of a metre, also known as microns
What are Nanometres?
Measures 1 billionth of a metre (nm)
Scientific notation
A system where small or large numbers are expresed to the power of 10
Negative
Less than zero
Specimen
A sample selected for analysis
Detail
induvidual items
Resolution
The ability to see detail
Field of view
The total area that you can see
Actual size
The size of an object without magnification
Image size
The size off an object seen through a microscope
IAM Triangle
Image size= Actual size x magnification
Actual size= Image size ÷ magnification
Magnification= Image size ÷ Actual size
Which to people created the first ever microscope?
Hans and Zacharius Jansen the glases makers
What are all 8 things that a living thing has from highest to lowest complexity?
Organisms, body systems, organs, tissues, cells, organelles, molecules and atoms.
Example of a unicellular organism
bacteria
Example of a multicellular organism
animals, plants, fungi
What is the estimated amount of cells in the adult human body?
37 trillion cells
What is a membrane?
A barrier that separates the inside of something from the outer environment
What are organelles?
Specialised cell structures (like tiny organs) with specific functions`
What is a nucleus?
found in eukaryotic cells and houses the cells genetic material
What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
The main difference in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the presence of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotes.
What does the nucleus do?
The nucleus protects the cell’s genetic material.
