Yr 10 Chemistry

Question 1

Covalent bonding

Answer 1

When two non-metals share electrons. They bond by sharing electrons to gain a full valence shell.

Question 2

Metallic bonding

Answer 2

When the electrons of two metals are delocalised.

Question 3

Ionic bonding

Answer 3

Electrons are lost or gained resulting in the formation of ions.

Question 4

Ion

Answer 4

Is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons and becomes postively or negatively charged.

Question 5

How is a cation formed?

Answer 5

If an atom loses electrons, it forms a positive charge. This is known as a cation.

Question 6

How is an anion formed?

Answer 6

If an atom gains electrons, it forms a negative charge. This is known as an anion.

Question 7

What is an diatomic element?

Answer 7

Exist as 2 identical atoms bonded together.

Question 8

What do ions form?

Answer 8

An octet to become a stable atom.

Question 9

Define catalyst

Answer 9

A substance which increases the rate of reaction without being consumed.

Question 10

what is the atomic number

Answer 10

number of protons in the nucleus

Question 11

what is the mass number

Answer 11

number of protons plus nuetrons

Question 12

what are isotopes

Answer 12

atoms that belong to same element with same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 13

What are ions

Answer 13

Where atoms can lose or gain electrons to become electrically charged particles

Question 14

Cation

Answer 14

• Where an atom loses electrons.
• More protons than electrons
• Positive charge

Question 15

Anion

Answer 15

• Where an atom gains electrons
• More electrons than protons
• Negative charge

Question 16

Similarity in groups

Answer 16

• Similar properties
• Same number of valence electrons

Question 17

Similarity in periods

Answer 17

• Do not have similar properties
  Properties change across the rows

Question 18

Reactivity of alkali metals

Answer 18

• Increases down the group
• React strongly with halogens
• Very reactive
• Low melting points

Question 19

Reactivity of noble gases -18

Answer 19

• Extremely unreactive
• Least reactive elements on the periodic table because they have full valence shell

Question 20

Reactivity of halogens -17

Answer 20

• Highly reactive non metals
• Reactivity decreases down the group
• React with group 1 and 2 strongly

Question 21

How does the atomic radius change in the group?

Answer 21

More obitals are added as you move down the group. This means the radius of the atom increases.

Question 22

How does the atomic radius change in the period?

Answer 22

More protons are added across the period which means there are large positive and negative charges, resulting in higher attraction and decreases the radius.

Question 23

Reactivity in metals (period)

Answer 23

Decreases from left to right

Question 24

Reactivity in metals (group)

Answer 24

Increases down the group

Question 25

Reactivity in non-metals (period)

Answer 25

Increases left to right

Question 26

Reactivity in non-metals (group)

Answer 26

Increases down the group

Question 27

ionization energy

Answer 27

The more electrons in the outer shell, the harder it is to remove electrons.