Yr 10 Flashcards
DG
Orchestration
5 points
- Brass used in homophonic chords, fanfare like
- Drums add rythmic momentum with repeated hi-hat in first chorus
- Cymbal roll into chorus creating excitement
- Strings sometimes tremolo for tension
- Synth and glockenspiel used for magical sounds
DG
Rhythm, Metre and Tempo
5 points
- Vocal part mostly crotchets and quavers, sometimes long notes at phrase end
- Rests break phrases, phrases start with a rest
- Dotted rhythms throughout
- Syncopation
- Frequent rallentandos
DG
Texture
5 Points
- Mainly homophonic
- Sparse texture at the beggining
- Coda is polyphonic
- Ostinato accompaniement(Bar 88)
- Homophonic chordal textures(Bar 132)
DG
Tonality
4 Points
- Intro modulates a lot until reaching Dmaj at the verse
- Unlimited section in Gmaj
- Ambigious tonality at the beggining, chromatic descending scale
- “Well are you coming” returns to chromatic melody of intro
DG
Melody
- Syllabic word setting
- Leaps often a perfect 5th
- Other times angular leaps e.g compund 5th (Bar 140)
- Verse and chorus combine conjucnt and disjunct melodies
- Melody is often legato for contrast to triumphant sections
Music for a while
Melody
- Descending sequence e.g Bar 20
- Rests used to break melodic phrases
- Mostly conjunct
- Repeated text
- Lots of ornaments
Music for a while
Word painting
- “Free the dead” in G maj
- “Wondering” long legato melisma
- “Pains were eased” features dissonance and resolution
- “Drop” descending, detached
- “Eternal” long mellisma
Music for a while
Rhythm and Metre
- Occasional syncopation
- Some dotted rhythms
- Quaves and semi-quavers most common
Music for a while
Harmony
- Right hand harpsichord plays a realisation from original figured bass
- Suspensions occasionally used
- Dissonance used for word painting e.g Pains
- False relations particularly in ground bass
- Perfect cadenced within ground bass
Music for a while
Ground bass
- After 4.5 repeats the ground bass modulates, returns to home key in bar 29
- Uses intervals of semitones
- Ascending sequence within the ground bass
Music for a while
Instruments
- Right hand harpsichord plays a realisation
- Harpsichord and bass viol play basso continuo
- Soprano singer, harpsichord, bass viol
Music for a while
Background info
- Baroque era, 1692
- Written for the play of Oedipus
- The piece is incidental music
Music for a while
Tonality
- Mostly A minor
- Modulates frequently in the B section
- C maj (Bar 22)
- A major (Bar 23)
KQ
Melody
- Text setting mainly syllabic
- Backing vocals words and vocalisations (Bars 8-9)
- Melody starts mostly conjunct
- Verse and chorus combine conjunct and disjunct melody
- Leaps often a rising major sixth (Bars 6-7)
KQ
Texture
- Mainly Homophonic
- Use of imitation
- Use of layering
- Three part texture guitar solo
- Anitiphonal (Bard 67-68)
KQ
Harmony and Tonality
- Eb Major
- Most chords in root position, occasional inversions
- Dissonance (Bar 30)
- Circle of Fifths in Chorus (Bars 20-21)
- Heavy use of altered or extended chords (F11 in Bar 47)
KQ
Tempo and Rhythm
- 112 Beats per minute, moderate
- In 12/8 compound quadruple time
- Frequent syncopation
- Could also be written 3/4 swung
KQ
Background
- Released 1974
- Glam Rock genre
- Diverged from classic rock with adventorous harmonies and tonalities
KQ
Instruments
- Freddie Mercury is a high tenor
- Honky Tonk piano overdubbed
- Guitar uses slides, bends, pull offs, hammer ons
BC
Background
- Concerto Grosso (group of soloists)
- Baroque
- Chamber music - written for small group of musicians
- Created as a job application to the duke of Margrave
BC
Dynamics
- No dynamic markings for Harpsichord - no dyanmic range
- Few dynamics markings, mostly comparitive - e.g violin plays quiter for flute solo
BC
Structure
- Ternary form
- A section is a fugal style
- B section in relative minor
- Fragments of A section melody in B section
BC
Sonority/Instruments
- Unusual Virtuoso piano, scalic runs
- Uses a baroque flute, wooden
- String orchestra play ripieno
- Soloists are concertino
BC
Texture
- Flute and Violin play 2 part counterpoint at start
- All soloists play 4 part counterpoint when playing together
- Polyphonic with use of imitation
- Uses many fugal techniques although it is not a fugue
BC
Tonality
- Main tonality is D major
- B section in B minor
- Modulates to the V (Amaj) and V/V (Emaj)
BC
Harmony
- Occasional Suspensions
- 1st inversion and root position chords
- Perfect cadences to mark end of sections
- Uses standard Baroque chords (I,IV,V)
BC
Rhythm,
- In 2/4, could be written in 6/8
- Lots of triplets and dotted rhythms
- Begins with an anacrusis
- Harpsichord contains many fast semiquaver runs
BC
Melody
- Ornaments - appogiaturas, trills
- Scalic runs
- Rising sequences
- Lots of stepwise/conjunct movement
SW
Melody
Main theme:
* Bar 1, rising perfect 5th
* Bar 2 and 3 identical, leap of minor 7th
* Anacrusis
B theme
* Also anacrusis
* Ends with a descending Bb minor melodic scale
* Contrasting
SW
Structure
- AABA structure
- Follows action on screen
SW
Background information
- A New Hope released in 1977
- Uses Luke Skywalker Lietmotif
- “Rebel blockade runner” supports action
SW
Harmony
- When 2 planets show music is Bitonal
- Uses some non-tonal chords like Ab Major in Bb Major key of A section
- Intro to A theme has an inverted tonic pedal played in tremolo
- B theme contains a brass dominant pedal
SW
Texture
- Uses pedal textures e.g inverted tonic pedal or dominant pedal
- A section accompanied by Block Chords or Appeggios
- Mainly homophonic
SW
Instrumentation
- Traditional style of romantic orchestra
- Many instruments double melodies
- Uses a full symphony orchestra
SW
Tonality
- Bb Major
- Dissonance when spaceships appear
- Bitonality during action in ship
- Switches to C major when planets appear
SW
Rhythm,Tempo,Metre
- Homorhythmic Chords when Empire ship appears (like “mars”)
- Theme A accompaniement, syncopated block chords
- Tempo change when action appears
- Both themes feature anacrusis