Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sociology > Youth Subultures > Flashcards

Youth Subultures Flashcards

1
Q

Youth

A

The period of life between childhood and adulthood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Youth culture

A

Associated with a way of life which is different to that of a child’s or adult’s
There are many norms and values that are distinctive to youth culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Youth subcultures

A
  • Subculture = a smaller group within a large one or a minority section of a majority culture
  • Groups of individuals who often develop in opposition to authority and who share norms and values which go against the norms in society.
  • They differ in terms of fashion, music, leisure interests and behaviour.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Peer groups

A
  • A set of people belonging to a similar age grouping who share the same norms and values
  • Peer groups are very important between the ages of 5 and 18 when young people are in full time education
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Spectacular youth subcultures

A

Subcultures based around flamboyant / highly visible styles and confrontational attitudes e.g: Teddy Boys, Punks, Skinheads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Youth as a social construction

A
  • Every society divides its members according to age.
  • There is some evidence that age divisions are based on biological factors; however sociologists argue that age is socially constructed.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Emergence of youth culture

A

-emerged in 1950s
-due to a number of different social reasons
-cannot be put down to a single reason
Some reasons:
-conscription would end in 1959 and young men no longer had to wear a uniform.
-the working class found themselves with money in their pockets, and, at the same time, there is an influx of new sounds and styles coming over from America.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Emergence of youth culture: Style

A
  • Stylish social groups with own style of clothing / dress / hair / makeup
  • more recent trends
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Emergence of youth culture: Demographic Change

A
  • Baby boom after WW2

- babies became teens in 50s and 60s - youth culture emergence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Emergence of youth culture: Schooling

A
  • Youth leaving age increased from 15-18

- No pressure of finance or responsibility so youths had a chance to grow into youth subcultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Emergence of youth culture: Media

A
  • transmitting messages and different trends and cultures

- Thornton uses concept of subcultural capital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Emergence of youth culture: Economy

A
  • better educated workforce profits economy

- EMA promoted staying in school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Emergence of youth culture: Globalisation

A
  • youths influenced by global products

- Teddy Boys - Americanisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Emergence of youth culture: Consumption

A
  • leisure goods for youth promoted
  • use of parental spending
  • high streets target youths
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

FYVEL

A

Claims absence of fathers during WW2 caused boys to not be properly disciplined - became deviant and thrill-seeking
E.g: Teddy Boys came about to have fun and excitement after the war - deviant and gang-minded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ABRAMS

A
  • ‘affluence without responsibility’
  • Teddy Boy subculture emerged because of this
  • they spent their disposable income on fashion, music and leisure
  • they gained status through their style
17
Q

Functionalism and youth culture

A

Individuals need to belong and be integrated into society - without these social integrations we would experience anomie
Functionalists talk about the importance of youth culture

18
Q

PARSONS: Functionalism

A

Youth culture is a bridge between childhood and adulthood

19
Q

EISENSTADT: Functionalism

A

Childhood: Ascribed status
Adulthood: Achieved status
Said youth culture binds everyone together and gives a ‘forum for the frustrations of life’

20
Q

ROZAK: Functionalism

A

Talks about the generation gap

21
Q

HALL AND JEFFERSON (Marxists): Teddy Boys

A
  • formed a rebellious subculture in response to the destruction of their communities as a result of WW2
  • aggressively defended their territories against developers and also immigrants
22
Q

HALL (Marxists): Hippies

A
  • opposed to capitalism and wanted to live an alternative communal lifestyle
  • took drugs and wore bright colours, kaftans and sandals
  • wanted to oppose mainstream culture
23
Q

BRAKE (Marxist): Hippies

A
  • hippies were mainly middle class and were forming a resistance to their parents’ middle class values
  • many took drugs, listened to chilled-out music and had anti-war attitudes
24
Q

HEBDIGE (Marxist): Skinheads

A
  • working class youths wore Doc Marten boots, Ben Sherman shirts and jeans
  • established this sense of style to assert their masculinity after losing jobs as a result of high unemployment
  • identity allowed them to be deluded in the idea they were in steady jobs and the breadwinner
25
Q

CLARKE (Marxist): Skinheads

A
  • territoriality key characteristic of skinheads
  • negative towards outsiders of their working class communities
  • socialised in pubs, on street corners and at football matches
26
Q

PHIL COHEN (Marxist): Mods

A
  • said Mods were working class but tried to imitate the style of the middle classes
  • adopted their smart way of dressing and then made it their own
  • hedonistic lifestyle involving drugs, dancing and fashion
  • tried to escape boring repetitive lives by partying at the weekend
27
Q

STAN COHEN (Interactionist): Rockers

A
  • examined relationship between the Mods and Rockers and found the clashes were exaggerated by the media through deviancy amplification
  • media presented both groups as folk devils which created wider moral panic and hostility between them
  • group wore leather, rode motorbikes and aimed to stand out as ‘different’ to previous generations
  • high disposable incomes
28
Q

CASHMORE AND TROYNA: Rastafarians

A
  • explained that Rastafarians faced racism within Britain and therefore exercised cultural resistance by turning inwards and strengthening their own culture
  • did this by forming their own communities and generally only socialised with each other
29
Q

FRITH: Punks

A
  • created as a form of resistance against the alienation working class youths and also a response to unemployment
  • music ‘dolo queue rock’ - reaction against manufactured and pretentious music
30
Q

HEBDIGE (Marxist): Punks

A
  • adopted an element of the Rastafarian opposition to being seen as British
  • explicitly attacked conventional notions of being British such as the Queen and the Union Jack
  • aim to ‘speak out for the neglected youth’ and a desire to ‘act out’
  • used bricolage
  • form of resistance to society’s ruling class norms and values
31
Q

HODKINSON: Goths

A
  • carried ethnographic study of Goths
  • found that the subculture was based around shared music interests, the arts and ‘goth’ fashions, rather than resistance or rebellion
  • group emerged out of a combination of punk, glam rock, and New Romantics
  • listened to music with sinister and sombre sounds
32
Q

THORNTON (Postmodernist): Ravers

A
  • conducted ethnographic study
  • does not see it as resistance or class based or about close knit ties
  • subcultural capital - the more status the more you’re involved in the subculture and have the latest fashions / music / knowledge
33
Q

MAFFESOLI (Postmodernist): Ravers

A
  • stated that the rave subculture was an example of a Neo Tribe rather than a subculture
  • Neo Tribes refers to a group with a looser structure than subcultures - they are not class based but based on having a shared state of mind and leisure interests
34
Q

BORDEN: Skaters

A
  • status gained through skating ability
  • reclaimed urban spaces and made them their own
  • also practised graffiti and had links to hip hop or indie music
  • wore DCs, Vans, Airwalk skate shoes and hard wearing denim
  • subcultural style was important

Sociology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions