young women & women in the home Flashcards

Question

kyrios

Answer 1

the male head of a Greek household with responsibility for and authority over all members of the household

Answer 2

the kyrios' wife

Answer 3

the ancient art of leaving an unwanted baby outside the city to die

Answer 4

an amount of money to be paid to a prospective groom by the bride's family

Answer 5

a woman who looks after and breastfeeds another women's baby

Answer 6

stone slabs with sculptural decoration, used as funerary monuments

Answer 7

a spartan word for slave, spartan society had a whole class of enslaved people

Answer 8

a drinking party help by an Athenian Kyrios

Answer 9

the plot of farmland loaned by the Spartan government to every adult male citizen

Answer 10

training school that spartan boys were sent to age 7

Answer 11

communal mess hall in which spartan warriors dined with their comrades. Each man had to contribute food (in practice this meant his wife had to contribute it from their kleros)

Answer 12

the practice of having multiple male sexual partners. Spartans practiced polyandry to promote childbirth

Answer 13

the male head of a Roman family

Answer 14

the power or authority held by the paterfamilias over members of his household

Answer 15

the wife of the paterfamilias, the female head of a Roman family

Answer 16

lucky charm worn by Roman children

Answer 17

a Roman teacher who focused on reading, writing and arithmetic

Answer 18

a wall painting originally done on damp plaster in which the colour becomes fixed as the plaster dries. This was a very common way of decorating houses

Answer 19

a Roman form of marriage, meaning with hand. A bride would leave her childhood family and join her husband's family.

Answer 20

a Roman form of marriage meaning without hand, a bride marries her husband but remains part of her childhood household rather than her husband's household/ her husband's family's household

Answer 21

varieties of Roman wedding ceremony

Answer 22

a Roman woman married only once and still married to that man

Answer 23

household gods worshipped by the Romans (like guardian / ancestor spirits)

Answer 24

the head female slave of a Roman estate. Her roles were similar to that of a peasant farmers wife, but she was enslaved

Answer 25

Raising children would put a lot of strain on the families resources, especially girls as things such as dowries would have to be provided for them etc

Answer 26

" A man who teaches a woman to write should recognise he is providing poison to an asp"

Answer 27

Menander was a comedic playwright, so much of his work would most likely have been exaggerated to make it more entertaining.

Answer 28

The Athenian girl's kyrios would select an appropriate groom and agree a dowry. The paterfamilias and the groom would then swear an oath in front of witnesses to complete the betrothal ceremony. The bride would not be present for any of this.

Answer 29

"The greatest glory will be hers who is least talked about among the men, whether for good or for bad"

Answer 30

The grave stele of Ampharete is a funeral monument, carved to resemble a house. The main focus of the stele is a woman sitting on a chair, holding a baby (her grandchild). You have a profile view of Ampharete and she is dressed in modest, draping clothing showing her wealth as well as a veil- further emphasising her modesty. In one hand she holds the baby and in her other hand she holds something which could be a toy for the baby.

Answer 31

She is dressed modestly in a veil and very draped clothes. The excess material used in her clothes shows wealth, as it would have cost more money to make / buy the clothes as there is more of them. She is therefore presented as virtuous- her modesty in her clothing showing the female virtue of modesty as well as wealthy, which would have reflected positively on her reputation.

Answer 32

- It is incomplete, the stele would once have been painted, because of this there could have been something painted on the background which we can no longer see, etc. - It shows an idealised version of a person, so although it is useful for telling us about the ideal standards and expectations for women, it cannot tell us much about normal everyday women and how they really were - Ampharete was obviously very wealthy, shown by both her clothing and the fact that she had an intricate stele carved to commemorate her death, this makes her experience uncommon rather than common

Answer 33

- fertility - maternity - modesty - motherhood - wealth

Answer 34

Her modesty, she appears to be shielding herself slightly from view and is turned away, sitting in profile

Answer 35

The stele itself is carved into the shape of a house, and inside 2 women are shown. The woman sitting on a chair is Hegaso whilst the other woman who is standing is most likely her servant or maid. We can tell this due to the ornate hairstyle and heavily draped clothes which Hegaso it wearing, contrasting to the much plainer and simpler clothes and hair of the other woman. The other woman also holds some sort of box out to Hegaso, it could be a jewellery box as Hegaso appears to be holding and admiring something, the way she holds it suggests it could be a piece of jewellery she has just taken from the box. Hegaso and the other woman both stand in profile, showing modesty and Hegaso also appears much bigger than the other woman- further emphasising her wealth.

Answer 36

A Parthenos

Answer 37

An Athenian girl was not considered a gyne (fully grown woman) until after she had her first child

Answer 38

To inherit his property

Answer 39

Many funerary monuments show women holding babies, suggesting motherhood was seen as a very important part of their lives

Answer 40

Newlywed girls were often not old enough for their bodies to have finished growing, and so pregnancy could risk their lives. For women of any age labour was risky because of the risk of infection. Their medical understanding was not as advanced as ours, so complications which would be easily treated today were often fatal in ancient Greece