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You have ___ what do you use to treat? Flashcards

1
Q

Gram + staphylococci abscesses

A

Nafcillin, Oxacillin (more resistant to beta lactimases found in basic penicillin) or 1st generation cephalosporins (cefazolin, cephalexin)

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2
Q

Sinusitis (Strep pneumoniae, Haemophillis influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis)

A

Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor)

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3
Q

Ventillator acquired strep pneumoniae

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) and ceftazidime especially for pseudomonas or 4th (Cefepime), Vancomycin

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4
Q

Rheumatic fever

A

Penicillin G or V

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5
Q

Strep throat (Strep pneumoniae, Haemophillis influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis)

A

Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor)

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6
Q

E. Coli or Klebsiella with extended-spectrum beta lactamases

A

Carbapenems are first line (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

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7
Q

Actinomyces Israelii

A

Penicillin G

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8
Q

Neisseria Menigitidis

A

Penicillin G

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9
Q

Pasteurella Multocida

A

Penicillin G, Pipiracillin, Ampicillin

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10
Q

Shigella

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) though generally do not require treatment

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11
Q

Community acquired strep pneumoniae

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime)

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12
Q

Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis?

A

Strep throat. Penicillin G, Amoxicillin, 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin)

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13
Q

Intraabdominal infections

A

Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

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14
Q

Staphylococci Endocarditis

A

Vancomycin (first line empiric), Nafcillin, Oxacillin (more resistant to beta lactimases found in basic penicillin), 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin), Daptomycin

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15
Q

Pseudomonas or multi-drug resistant complicated bugs

A

4th generation (cefepime), Aztreonam (monobactam), Vancomycin

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16
Q

Strep Bovis

A

Found commonly in Endocarditis - Penicillin G, 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin), Vancomycin (first line empiric)

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17
Q

Staph aureus

A

Vancomycin

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18
Q

Strep Viridans

A

Found commonly in Endocarditis - Penicillin G or 3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime), Vancomycin (first line empiric)

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19
Q

Anaerobic infections (aspiration pneumonia)

A

Ampicillin (IV) with sulbactam (Unison), Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

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20
Q

Aspiration pneumonia (w h/o penicillin allergy)

A

Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

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21
Q

Treponema Pallidum

A

Syphillis. Benzathine Penicillin G (single dose)

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22
Q

MRSA bacteremia

A

Vancomycin or Daptomycin

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23
Q

Broad spectrum coverage (with h/o penicillin allergy)

A

Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem), Vancomycin

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24
Q

Which Penicillin is taken orally for streptococcal?

A

Penicillin G (IV form) vs Penicillin V (acid labile), or oral 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin)

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25
Vancomycin-resistant staph aureus (MRSA)
Daptomycin
26
Gram + bacteria consist of?
Staph, Strep, and enterococcus
27
Helicobacter Pylori infection
Amoxicillin (orally) with clarithromycin and a PPI
28
Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria, Serratia (HENS)
2nd generation cephalosporins (cefuroxime, cefotetan, cefoxitin) but generally not first-line agents.
29
Group B strep / Strep Agalactiae
Penicillin G intrapartum
30
Empiric treatment of Sepsis
Piperacillin with tazobactam (Pip-Tazo) and Ticarcillin with clauvulanate or 3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime), Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)
31
Enterococcus (sensitive)
Ampicillin (IV) with sulbactam (Unison)
32
Haemophilus influenzae
3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime)
33
Pseudomonas coverage (with h/o penicillin allergy)
Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem), Vancomycin
34
Gram negative bacteria
Ampicillin, amoxacillin with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor) and cephalosporins (later generations), Aztreonam (monobactam)
35
Hospital acquired strep pneumoniae
3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) or 4th (Cefepime), Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem), Vancomycin
36
Empiric treatment for Meningitis
3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime) but not ceftazidime with Vancomycin or 4th generation (Cefepime), Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)
37
Clostridium dificile
Metronidazole (first line orally), Vancomycin (second line orally)
38
Gram negative pnemonia (especially with penicillin allergies)
Aztreonam (monobactam)
39
Blood stream infection of MRSA
Vancomycin
40
Asplenic patients prevention of ____ and _____
Strep pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae with prophylactic amoxicillin.
41
Staph epidermidis
Vancomycin
42
Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Strep pyogenes)
Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor), 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin)
43
Broad spectrum anaerobic coverage
Piperacillin with tazobactam (Pip-Tazo) and Ticarcillin with clauvulanate
44
Pseudomonas or multi-drug resistant complicated bugs
4th generation cephalosporine (cefepime) or 5th generation cephalosporine (ceftaroline), Aztreonam (monobactam), Vancomycin
45
Proteus
1st generation cephalosporins (Cephalexin / Cefazolin)
46
Listeria Monocytogenes Meningitis on an older or very young patient
Ampicillin (IV) with Sulbactam (for very young or very old patients)
47
Pseudomonas infections (generally hospital acquired) and multi-drug resistant anaerobes
Piperacillin with tazobactam (Pip-Tazo) and Ticarcillin with clauvulanate , Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)
48
Surgical prophylaxis
1st generation cephalosporins (Cefazolin because it penetrates tissues well)
49
UTI bugs (proteus, klebsiella, e. coli)
1st generation cephalosporins (Cephalexin / Cefazolin)
50
Otitis (Strep pneumoniae, Haemophillis influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis)
Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor)
51
E-Coli (Gram negative rods)
Ampicillin with Sulbactam (unison) (IV; not first line), 1st generation cephalosporins (Cephalexin / Cefazolin), 2nd generation cephalosporins (cefuroxime, cefotetan, cefoxitin)
52
Staphylococci Osteomyelitis
Nafcillin, Oxacillin (more resistant to beta lactimases found in basic penicillin), 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin), Vancomycin
53
Degradation of carbapenems can be prevented with what?
Cilastin (inhibits dehydropeptidase in renal tubules, which degrade carbapenems)
54
Gram negative sepsis (especially with penicillin allergies)
Aztreonam (monobactam)
55
MRSA osteomyelitis
Vancomycin
56
Klebsiella
1st generation cephalosporins (Cephalexin / Cefazolin)
57
Clostridium perfringens
Gangrene. Penicillin G
58
Pneumonia (Strep pneumoniae, H. Influenzae)
Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor)
59
Gram negative meningitis (especially with penicillin allergies)
Aztreonam (monobactam) penetrates CSF easily
60
Aerobic gram negative rods ONLY
Aztreonam (monobactam)
61
Salmonella
3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) though generally do not require treatment
62
MRSA
5th generation cephalosporins (ceftaroline)
63
Lyme disease (Borellia Burgdorferi)
Amoxacillin (orally) with with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor) or Ceftriaxone
64
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (UTI or endocarditis)
Daptomycin
65
Used prophylactically to prevent ____ before dental procedures
Prevent endcarditis with prophylactic amoxicillin

Antibiotics (2 decks)

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