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Antibiotics > You have ___ what do you use to treat? > Flashcards

You have ___ what do you use to treat? Flashcards

1
Q

Gram + staphylococci abscesses

A

Nafcillin, Oxacillin (more resistant to beta lactimases found in basic penicillin) or 1st generation cephalosporins (cefazolin, cephalexin)

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2
Q

Sinusitis (Strep pneumoniae, Haemophillis influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis)

A

Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor)

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3
Q

Ventillator acquired strep pneumoniae

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) and ceftazidime especially for pseudomonas or 4th (Cefepime), Vancomycin

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4
Q

Rheumatic fever

A

Penicillin G or V

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5
Q

Strep throat (Strep pneumoniae, Haemophillis influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis)

A

Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor)

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6
Q

E. Coli or Klebsiella with extended-spectrum beta lactamases

A

Carbapenems are first line (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

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7
Q

Actinomyces Israelii

A

Penicillin G

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8
Q

Neisseria Menigitidis

A

Penicillin G

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9
Q

Pasteurella Multocida

A

Penicillin G, Pipiracillin, Ampicillin

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10
Q

Shigella

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) though generally do not require treatment

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11
Q

Community acquired strep pneumoniae

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime)

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12
Q

Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis?

A

Strep throat. Penicillin G, Amoxicillin, 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin)

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13
Q

Intraabdominal infections

A

Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

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14
Q

Staphylococci Endocarditis

A

Vancomycin (first line empiric), Nafcillin, Oxacillin (more resistant to beta lactimases found in basic penicillin), 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin), Daptomycin

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15
Q

Pseudomonas or multi-drug resistant complicated bugs

A

4th generation (cefepime), Aztreonam (monobactam), Vancomycin

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16
Q

Strep Bovis

A

Found commonly in Endocarditis - Penicillin G, 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin), Vancomycin (first line empiric)

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17
Q

Staph aureus

A

Vancomycin

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18
Q

Strep Viridans

A

Found commonly in Endocarditis - Penicillin G or 3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime), Vancomycin (first line empiric)

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19
Q

Anaerobic infections (aspiration pneumonia)

A

Ampicillin (IV) with sulbactam (Unison), Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

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20
Q

Aspiration pneumonia (w h/o penicillin allergy)

A

Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

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21
Q

Treponema Pallidum

A

Syphillis. Benzathine Penicillin G (single dose)

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22
Q

MRSA bacteremia

A

Vancomycin or Daptomycin

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23
Q

Broad spectrum coverage (with h/o penicillin allergy)

A

Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem), Vancomycin

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24
Q

Which Penicillin is taken orally for streptococcal?

A

Penicillin G (IV form) vs Penicillin V (acid labile), or oral 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin)

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25
Q

Vancomycin-resistant staph aureus (MRSA)

A

Daptomycin

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26
Q

Gram + bacteria consist of?

A

Staph, Strep, and enterococcus

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27
Q

Helicobacter Pylori infection

A

Amoxicillin (orally) with clarithromycin and a PPI

28
Q

Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria, Serratia (HENS)

A

2nd generation cephalosporins (cefuroxime, cefotetan, cefoxitin) but generally not first-line agents.

29
Q

Group B strep / Strep Agalactiae

A

Penicillin G intrapartum

30
Q

Empiric treatment of Sepsis

A

Piperacillin with tazobactam (Pip-Tazo) and Ticarcillin with clauvulanate or 3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime), Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

31
Q

Enterococcus (sensitive)

A

Ampicillin (IV) with sulbactam (Unison)

32
Q

Haemophilus influenzae

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime)

33
Q

Pseudomonas coverage (with h/o penicillin allergy)

A

Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem), Vancomycin

34
Q

Gram negative bacteria

A

Ampicillin, amoxacillin with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor) and cephalosporins (later generations), Aztreonam (monobactam)

35
Q

Hospital acquired strep pneumoniae

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) or 4th (Cefepime), Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem), Vancomycin

36
Q

Empiric treatment for Meningitis

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime) but not ceftazidime with Vancomycin or 4th generation (Cefepime), Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

37
Q

Clostridium dificile

A

Metronidazole (first line orally), Vancomycin (second line orally)

38
Q

Gram negative pnemonia (especially with penicillin allergies)

A

Aztreonam (monobactam)

39
Q

Blood stream infection of MRSA

A

Vancomycin

40
Q

Asplenic patients prevention of ____ and _____

A

Strep pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae with prophylactic amoxicillin.

41
Q

Staph epidermidis

A

Vancomycin

42
Q

Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Strep pyogenes)

A

Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor), 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin)

43
Q

Broad spectrum anaerobic coverage

A

Piperacillin with tazobactam (Pip-Tazo) and Ticarcillin with clauvulanate

44
Q

Pseudomonas or multi-drug resistant complicated bugs

A

4th generation cephalosporine (cefepime) or 5th generation cephalosporine (ceftaroline), Aztreonam (monobactam), Vancomycin

45
Q

Proteus

A

1st generation cephalosporins (Cephalexin / Cefazolin)

46
Q

Listeria Monocytogenes Meningitis on an older or very young patient

A

Ampicillin (IV) with Sulbactam (for very young or very old patients)

47
Q

Pseudomonas infections (generally hospital acquired) and multi-drug resistant anaerobes

A

Piperacillin with tazobactam (Pip-Tazo) and Ticarcillin with clauvulanate , Carbapenems (imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, doripenem)

48
Q

Surgical prophylaxis

A

1st generation cephalosporins (Cefazolin because it penetrates tissues well)

49
Q

UTI bugs (proteus, klebsiella, e. coli)

A

1st generation cephalosporins (Cephalexin / Cefazolin)

50
Q

Otitis (Strep pneumoniae, Haemophillis influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis)

A

Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor)

51
Q

E-Coli (Gram negative rods)

A

Ampicillin with Sulbactam (unison) (IV; not first line), 1st generation cephalosporins (Cephalexin / Cefazolin), 2nd generation cephalosporins (cefuroxime, cefotetan, cefoxitin)

52
Q

Staphylococci Osteomyelitis

A

Nafcillin, Oxacillin (more resistant to beta lactimases found in basic penicillin), 1st gen Cephalosporins (cefazine, cephalexin), Vancomycin

53
Q

Degradation of carbapenems can be prevented with what?

A

Cilastin (inhibits dehydropeptidase in renal tubules, which degrade carbapenems)

54
Q

Gram negative sepsis (especially with penicillin allergies)

A

Aztreonam (monobactam)

55
Q

MRSA osteomyelitis

A

Vancomycin

56
Q

Klebsiella

A

1st generation cephalosporins (Cephalexin / Cefazolin)

57
Q

Clostridium perfringens

A

Gangrene. Penicillin G

58
Q

Pneumonia (Strep pneumoniae, H. Influenzae)

A

Amoxicillin (orally) with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor)

59
Q

Gram negative meningitis (especially with penicillin allergies)

A

Aztreonam (monobactam) penetrates CSF easily

60
Q

Aerobic gram negative rods ONLY

A

Aztreonam (monobactam)

61
Q

Salmonella

A

3rd Generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxones, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) though generally do not require treatment

62
Q

MRSA

A

5th generation cephalosporins (ceftaroline)

63
Q

Lyme disease (Borellia Burgdorferi)

A

Amoxacillin (orally) with with clauvulanate/augmentin (b lactimase inhibitor) or Ceftriaxone

64
Q

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (UTI or endocarditis)

A

Daptomycin

65
Q

Used prophylactically to prevent ____ before dental procedures

A

Prevent endcarditis with prophylactic amoxicillin

Antibiotics (2 decks)

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