You and your genes - B1 Flashcards
What is a variation?
Differences between individuals of the same species.
What could variations be?
Genetic factors - Dimples, eye colour
Environmental factors - Hair style, scars
Define genes?
They carry the information needed to you to develop. Different genes control different things such as the colour of your hair.
Where are genes found?
They occur in long strings called chromosomes and are located inside the nucleus of every cell.
What are Chromosomes?
They are made up of DNA molecules.
What are the characteristics of a DNA molecule?
They are made up of two very long strands coiled from a double helix.
DNA set instructions, which are?
How organismas are constructed and how a cell should be fuctioned.
Genes are sections of DNA. They control the development of different characteristics by issuing instructions to the cell. How does the cell carry out the instructions?
By producing Proteins
What proteins are produced inside a cell?
structural proteins - cell growth and repair (collagen)
and
Fuctional proteins - enzymes - Speed up chemical reactions (amylase)
If you inherit two alleles the same, they are called?
Homozygous
If you inherit two different alleles they are called?
Heterozygous
What are the combination of alleles you have?
Genotype
What are the characteristics you show called?
Phenotype
What is a dominant allele?
Controls the development of a characteristic, even if its present on only one chromosome in a pair.
What is a reccesive allele?
Controls the development of a characteristic only if a dominant allele isnt present. For example if the recessive allele is presesnt on both chromosomes in a pair.
