Yorkshire

Question 1

When did the rebellion take place and for how long?

Answer 1

May 1489

Under one month

Question 2

Where was the rebellion confined to and why was this significant?

Answer 2

Yorkshire - a region with Yorkist sympathies

Question 3

What was the main cause?

Answer 3

Henry VII’s demands for money

Question 4

What was a subsidiary cause?

Answer 4

The poor harvest of 1488 increased the degree of poverty in Yorkshire

Question 5

Who led the rebellion?

Answer 5

First led by Robert Chamber, a yeoman of York, and later by Sir John Egremont, a bastard member of the Percy family

Question 6

What demonstrated that the consequences weren’t significant?

Answer 6

There were some salutary executions, but Egremont made his peace with Henry and later received several manors from him

Question 7

What did Henry VII recognise?

Answer 7

That the north remained Yorkist in sentiment

Question 8

What did Henry VII do in response that prevented further trouble?

Answer 8

Appointed the Earl of Surrey as his Lieutenant: Surrey had no vested interests in the North and his loyalty was guaranteed because the restoration of his estates rested on his success here

Question 9

Why was the threat low?

Answer 9

Limited support

No influential leadership

No march south

Question 11

Give three reasons why the rebellion succeeded:

Answer 11

The subsidy was both unpopular and difficult to collect

There was a concern that the north needed to be handled carefully to prevent further trouble

The lack of a prominent leader limited any chance that the rebellion would become more widespread but made it easier for Henry to treat the rebels leniently

Question 12

What limited the rebels?

Answer 12

Weren’t organised: no manifesto or demands were issued

Question 13

What did Fletcher & McCulloch argue?

Answer 13

That Henry was ‘unfamiliar with the careful compromises and structures of consent on which English government rested’

Question 14

What did Henry VII do that caused the rebellion?

Answer 14

When Brittany was threatened by France, Henry decided to send aid and Parliament granted Henry a subsidy of £100,000 to fund the expedition

Question 15

Why was there widespread resistance?

Answer 15

It was raised in the form of an income tax

Question 16

How much had Henry VII received and what did this demonstrate?

Answer 16

Only £27,000

The scale of opposition and the increased pressure to collect from Yorkshire

Question 17

Why was this subsidy different?

Answer 17

When previous taxes had been raised, the north had generally been excused from the need to pay

Question 18

What did Henry VII do that firmly centralised control?

Answer 18

Established the Tudor’s Council of the North

Question 19

Why was Yorkshire so angered by the subsidy?

Answer 19

Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmorland were all made exempt from the tax because they were expected to defend the country from the Scots

Question 20

What did the Earl of Northumberland do and what happened to him?

Answer 20

Put the rebel’s case to the King

He was placed in charge of leading a commission to decide on its collection in the North but was killed by a group of rebels led by Robert Chamber

Question 21

What did the rebels do?

Answer 21

Wrote asking for a royal pardon, but this was denied

Question 22

What was Henry VII’s response and what was the consequence?

Answer 22

Sent an army of 8000, led by the Earl of Surrey

Rebels dispersed as it approached

Question 23

What did Henry VII do following the rebellion?

Answer 23

Travelled to issue a pardon as a gesture of reconciliation

Question 24

What did Henry VII no longer face?

Answer 24

Trouble in the north