yoga anatomy Flashcards
3 types of connective tissue
muscular, skeletal, nervous
2 proteins of connective tissue
collagen- strength, elastin- elasticity
7 types of connective tissue
bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, fascia, muscle, scar tissue
What is bone made up of?
Collagen- living tissue
collagen
Protein that provides soft framework, make bones strong and flexible for stressses of body
cartilage
firm tissue, softer more flexible tan bone, between bone and joint
ligament
connect bone to bone, create stability and hold structure together
tendon
connect muscle to bone (or structures re: eyeball)
anterior tilt
pelvis moves to front
posterior
pelvis moves to back
lateral
outer/external
medial
inside/internal toward midline
fascia
band of connective tissue - attach, stabilize, close, separate muscles and organs
muscles
band of fibers/connective tissue
3 types of muscles
cardiac (heart walls- involuntarily contracts), smooth (walls of hollow visceral organs), skeletal (attached to skeleton)
4 functions of skeletal muscles
force generation for movement, force generation of breathing, force generation for postural support, heart production
3 types of muscle contractions
eccentric (lengthen), concentric (shorten), isometric (remain the same)
how many bones in body
206
how many bones in skull
22
how many bones in vertebral column?
33
how many bones in thoracic cage (ribcage)?
25
how many bones in pelvic girdle/lower limbs?
62
axial skeleton
axis- skull, thoracic cage, spinal column
appendicular skeleton
appendages- hips, legs, shoulder, arms
5 types of bones
flat (protect organs), sesamoid (reinforce tendons, patella), irregular (complex shape, vertebrae in back/sacrum), short (cube shaped, around ankle and wrist), long (support weight, facilitate movement, stability)
when does sacrum fully form?
around 30
3 main planes of movement
sagital, horizontal, frontal
sagital plane
vertical line that divides body into right and left section, forward and backward movement (forward fold)
horiztonal plane
transverse line divides body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) - rotation moves (twisting head)
frontal plane
(coronal) lateral line divides body into front and back - side to side movement
anatomical position
standing straight upright
antagonistic movement
opposite- bicep curl (flexion) and tricep extension - antagonistic pair
flexion
decreases angle between 2 body parts (usually sagital plane)
extension
increases angle between 2 body parts (sagital plane)
abduction
movement away from midline of body (leg out to side)muscle on outside of thigh
adduction
movement toward front midline (leg inward)muscles on inside of thigh
elevation
movement in superior direction (upwards) shoulders shrugging up
depression
movement in inferior direction (towards lower) - slouching
dorsiflexion
ankle, foot flexed, movement toward body
plantarflexion
foot points down
dorsum
top of foot (superior)
plantar
sole of foot (inferior)
inversion
movement of sole toward median plane - sole of foot rolled toward inner body
eversion
movement of sole of foot away from tmedian plane - sole of foot rolled toward outer body
circumduction
moving arm in conical shape- makes circles with arm/leg
protraction
shoulder blades move anterior lateral around ribcage- forward
retraction
shoulder blades come together toward back
pronation
arm lies flat on surface- palm lies flat
supination
hand like a bowl, faces up
