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1
Q

How do lymphocytes work

A

Make antibodies and recognise antigens

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2
Q

How do antibodies do

A

Bind to antigens on pathogens and label them as foreign and cause them to clip together so then the pathogen is destroyed by other defences

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3
Q

Lymphocytes destroy pathogens by

A

Produce antibodies

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4
Q

Vaccines work by

A

Injecting dead or inactive pathogens which have antigens on them white blood cells detect antigen as foreign which then kill the pathogen creating memory cells to kill that bacteria if it comes again

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5
Q

Communicable means

A

It can be spread eg aids

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6
Q

Non communicable

A

Can’t be spread eg cancer

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7
Q

Microbes uses can be

A

For genetic engineering, make yeast and blue cheese and help development of immune system

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8
Q

When would aseotic technique be used

A

During surgical procedure

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9
Q

Why is it recommended to work close to a Bunsen in aseptic technique

A

So all bacteria in air is destroyed

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10
Q

Why do you incubate Petri dish upside down

A

To lessen contamination risks from airborne particles landing on the.

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11
Q

Why would it be dangerous to incubate at 37 degrees

A

Same as body temp meaning it could infect you

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12
Q

What is an outbreak

A

A sudden rise in number of cases in a disease may occur in several countries

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13
Q

Epidemic meaning

A

When an infectious disease spreads rapidly,y to many people

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14
Q

Pandemic meaning a

A

A global disease outbreak which is caused by epidemic or outbreak

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15
Q

Name 2 micro organisms

A

Virus and bacteria

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16
Q

Three shapes of bacteria

A

Cocci sphere
Bacilli rod shaped
Spirrochets spirals

17
Q

Super bugs are

A

Strains of bacteria that are immune to many types of antibiotics

18
Q

What is an antibiotic

A

medicines that fight infections caused by bacteria in humans and animals by either killing the bacteria or making it difficult for the bacteria to grow and multiply

19
Q

How do superbugs form

A

Superbugs are caused by the misuse of antibiotics. When antibiotics are overused or misused