yes Flashcards
In the high mountain that runs north of Mesopotamia a wild mountain tribe had long been living. They had a beautiful religion: they worshiped light and the sun and believed it to be in constant warfare with the dark —that is, with the powers of evil.
What kind of religion did they worship?
Cyrus became lord of that great realm. His first act was to free all the people held in captivity by the Babylonians
Who was cyrus?
But his son, Cambyses, succeeded. Egypt fell and the Pharaoh was deposed.
When was the pharoh desposed?
Darius now began to extend his empire out into Asia Minor, along whose coasts lay cities of the Ionian Greeks.
Where did Dariuss land spread beyond?
Many of the people who lived in the Greek colonies were rich merchants,
Where the people of the greek colonies rich or poor?
And in particular by the Athenians, who sent them in ships
What did the athenians send?
Cyrius then sent his son-in-law
Who was sent in their son in law?
With roughly ten thousand soldiers the Athenian army was outnumbered seven to one
What percentage where they numbered?
For the Athenians had a general named Miltiades, a brave and able man, who had lived for many years among the Persians, and knew their fighting tactics.
What where the athenians general named?
For ships had to negotiate a long spit of land easily crossed on foot
What form of travel did they revert to when the ships could not travel anu more?
He sent a messenger ahead, who was to run as fast as he could, to warn the Athenian
Why was a messenger sent out?
Famous, because the messenger ran so far and so fast that all he could do was deliver his message before he fell down dead.
Could the messanger get the message across or not?
Dressed in their traditional costumes, with their weapons, their bows and arrows, shields and swords, lances, war-chariots and slings, they were a vast swirling multitude,
What where they to be dressed in?
A small army of Spartans who made an alliance with the Athenians, tried to block the Persian advance in a narrow pass called Thermopylae.
What was the narrow pass that the persians atempted to cross?
‘So much the better,’ cried the Spartans, ‘then we’ll fight in the shade!’ But a treacherous Greek showed the Persians a way over the mountains and the Spartan army was surrounded and trapped.
What did the spartans cry out to anyone who was listening?
Themistocles had the whole of Athens evacuated
What did themistolces have evacuated?
‘Make haste and attack, or the Athenians’ allies will escape you!’
Quote that claimed the athenaian allies would ecape you.
Aghast, he ordered the retreat. And so for the second time the Athenians were victorious, and against an even greater army than before.
What where athenian ordered at the time?
For, whereas the great empires of the East bound themselves so tightly to the traditions and teachings of their ancestors that they could scarcely move, the Greeks–and the Athenians in particular–did the opposite
Which two groups did the opposite of listening to traditions given by their ancestors?
The next was accusations, slander, and exile, this was not the best feature of the Athenians, yet it was part
What was the best feature of the athenians?
Always trying out new ideas, never satisfied, never at rest. Which explains why, during the hundred years that followed the Persian wars more went on in the minds of the people of the little city of Athens than in the thousand years in all the great empires of the East.
Why where the athenians not so focused on wars?
Their ruler was a man of exceptional courage and intelligence called Cyrus, who was no longer prepared to put up with the oppression of his people. He led his band of horsemen down onto the plain of Babylon.
Who led their band of horsemen down onto the plain of babylon?
It came after the death of Cambyses, during the reign of a great king named Darius.
Under the reign of who did cambyses die?
How the great Darius, King of Kings, must have cursed when he learnt of the defeat at Marathon! But at the time there was little he could do about Greece, for a revolt had broken out in Egypt which had to be suppressed. He died soon after, leaving his son and successor, Xerxes, to take revenge on Greece once and for all.
Who successed Darius, King of KIngs after he passed away?
Now the Athenains had not been idle since their great victory at Marathon. And they had a new leader called Themistocles, an astute and far-sighted man, who repeatedly warned his fellow citizens that a miracle like Marathon could only happen once, and that if Athens were to continue to hold out against the Persians, it must have a fleet.So a fleet was built.
Who was the newest leader of the atheninians after their great victory at Marathon?
Who led a band of horsemen?
Cyrus led a band of horsemen.
How many years were the Persians dominated by who?
For hundreds of years the Persians dominated by the Assyrians then the Babylons.
What was Cyrus first act as king to his people?
Cyrus first act was to free all people held in captivity by the Babylonians.
Who marched to conquer Egypt?
Cyrus march conquered Egypt.
How long did Cambyses rule last?
Cambyses lasted almost three thousand years.
Under which kings reign did Cambyses die?
Cambyses died during Darius reign.
Where did his rule go to?
Stretched from Egypt to India.
What were they known as, the kings men?
Kings eyes and ears.
Who were in fact the original founders?
Greeks were the original founders.
How did the king of Persia feel?
Never had the king of Persia been so insulted.
come and get them yourselves
we’ve enough arrows here to blot out the sun
so much the better
then well fight in the shade
Over time how did doing nothing much affect the higher ups?
Everything was always hanging the same with the leaders, Miltiades and Themistocles.
Why were they so unprepared?
Little went on in the minds due to the ideas, sculptures and paintings.
How was the mood?
One moment it was high praise and the next it was accusations and slander even exile.
What happened when a revolt broke out soon after Darius died?
A revolt had broken out and had to be suppressed , soon after Darius died and his successor Xerxes left was to take revenge on Greece once and for all.
The names of the highest ranked officials.
Satraps were the highest officials.
Between what years did this story take place?
550 and 500 BC
The greeks were not used to being apart of a what empire?
A great empire
Which empire did Darius govern?
The Perisans.
What kind of man was Xerxes?
A hard, ambitious man.
Who was Xerxes?
He was a kings succesor.
What was King Darius nickname?
King of kings
Who were the important leaders?
Miltiades and Themistocles.
What was the traditional attire of Xerxes empire?
Weapons, Bows Arrow, Spears and Sheilds.
Who was Cyrus’s son?
He was Cambyses, his successor.
