yes Flashcards
plate tectonics
parts of the earths lithosphere that are in constant motion.
divergent boundary
plates divide
convergent boundary
plates collide
transform boundary
plates slide passed eachother
convection currents
this makes the plates move
pangea
a large landmass that began to break a part 200 million years ago.
Continental Drift
Alfred Wegener’s theory that continents slowly moved over Earth’s surface
Seafloor Spreading
Older oceanic crust is pushed away from the mid-ocean ridge as new rock is formed.
Mid-Ocean Ridges
An undersea mountain chain
Deep-Ocean Trenches
A deep valley along the ocean floor where oceanic crust slowly sinks toward the mantle.
Subduction
The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath
rift vallys
A rift valley is a lowland region that forms where Earth’s tectonic plates move apart, or rift.
Folded Mountains
Folded mountains are created where two or more of Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together.
Earthquakes
A sudden movement along a boundary of a tectonic plate.
Fault
A break or crack in Earth’s crust.
Volcanoes
An opening in the earth’s crust through which lava, volcanic ash, and gasses escape.
Types of Volcanoes
Composite- Built by alternating layers of lava flows and ash flows, explosive eruptions
Shield- Thick flowing, slow moving lava, gentle eruptions
Cinder Cone
Lava Dome
Volcanic Arc of Islands
When two oceanic crusts collide, the older, more dense crust will subduct. Hot, remelted material from the subducting slab rises and leaks into the crust, forming a chain of volcanoes/islands.
Magma vs Lava
Magma- molten rock under the ground
Lava- molten rock above the ground
Richter Scale
Scale that measures the amount of earthquake energy/magnitude.
1-10
Tsunami
A series of waves caused by an earthquake or underwater volcanic eruption.
Plate Movement
Driven by convection- can cause earthquakes, which can also cause tsunamis.
Weathering
