yellow sheet key terms Flashcards

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1
Q

nature/ nurture debate

A

the debate about how much of our behaviour is genetic and how much is learned

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2
Q

culture

A

the things learned from and shared by a society or group of people and transmitted from generation to generation

a way of life

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3
Q

norms

A

social rules: guidelines for expected behaviour in specific social situations

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4
Q

values

A

beliefs about what is good or bad

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5
Q

socialisation

A

the process of learning one’s culture

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6
Q

social control

A

the means by which society tries to ensure that its members behave as others expect them to

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7
Q

subculture

A

a smaller culture within a culture that has its own norms and values

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8
Q

identity

A

an individual’s sense of self, influenced by socialisation and interactions with others

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9
Q

stratification

A

the division of society into a hierarchy of unequal groups.
these may be based on wealth, power and/or status

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10
Q

ethnocentrism

A

the process of judging things in a biased way from the viewpoint of one particular culture

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11
Q

mores

A

internalised social attitudes towards behaviour that is seen as taboo or morally unnaceptable in certain cultures.

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12
Q

social roles

A

patterns of behaviour that are expected from people based on their position in society.

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13
Q

sanctions

A

a way of encouraging people to conform to norms

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14
Q

status

A

a position in society

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15
Q

social class

A

social groupings or hierarchy based on differences in wealth, income or occupation

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16
Q

social construction

A

something created by society rather than occuring naturally

sociologists argue that childhood, gender, identity, etc are all social constructs.

17
Q

primary socialisation

A

the process of learning basic skills, norms and values from our close family

18
Q

secondary socialisation

A

the process of learning society’s norms and values from those outside the family

19
Q

gender

A

the social and cultural characteristics of men and women learned through socialisation