Yearly exam- Yr 8

Question 1

Impact of technology on woodworking- How does the recent design software impact woodworking?

Answer 1

For both laser cutting and 3D printing, computer-aided design (CAD) software has revolutionised the planning phase of woodworking projects. Woodworkers can create detailed plans and visualizations before cutting any material, allowing for better project management and reducing the likelihood of errors. The creation of your design can be done digitally through a G-code file easily without mistakes and with efficiency.

Question 2

Impact of technology on woodworking- How do precision and efficiency impact woodworking?

Answer 2

The advanced machinery and CAD software, allow complex designs to be put directly into the machine without the inaccuracy, errors and misalignments that can be made with human hands, reducing waste. The laser-cutting process is also speedy, allowing for high-volume production in a short period.

Question 3

Impact of technology on woodworking- How does automation impact woodworking?

Answer 3

Many woodworking processes have been automated, from cutting to finishing. Automated machines can handle repetitive tasks and they do not require the constant attention and skill of the operator, freeing up time for other tasks which is helpful for busy businesses.

Question 4

Impact of technology on woodworking- How does the recent materials and techniques impact woodworking?

Answer 4

Laser technology can be used on a range of materials such as metals, paper, cardboard, wood, textile, steel, glass and some plastics/acrylics which expands the possibilities for woodworking. These, advancements in materials and finishes improve durability and aesthetic appeal.

Question 5

Impact of technology on woodworking- How does the woodworking impact sustainability on the environemnt?

Answer 5

Technology has also contributed to more sustainable practices in woodworking, such as laser marking which is where designs can be engraved directly onto materials, eliminating the need for extra resources. 3D printing also minimises the use of materials as the design is already curated before making and the design is completely done by machinery, minimising waste. They also have low maintenance costs and low energy consumption.

Question 6

Impact of technology on woodworking- How does the recent technology impact woodworking training and education?

Answer 6

Online courses and video tutorials have made woodworking more accessible to beginners but also the simple usage of the machinery allows for beginners to easily learn woodworking. Aspiring woodworkers can learn skills and techniques at their own pace, broadening the reach of the craft.

Question 7

define the word hazard

Answer 7

A hazard is a source or a situation with the potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property and damage to the environment.

Question 8

Safety in the workshop- In woodwork-

Answer 8

Shoes with solid soles & sturdy leather uppers must be worn. Loose-fitting pieces of clothing and jewellery may get caught in a machine, so must be restrained or removed. You must wear a navy workshop apron. When operating a machine, personal protective equipment such as safety glasses must be worn & long hair must be tied back. Wear a breathing mask & eye protection for sanding. No food or drink near the machines. People who are not currently using the machine have to step behind the yellow barrier tape. Clean and Pack up the machine or tool and turn it off when not in use.

Question 9

Safety in the workshop- In the sewing room-

Answer 9

Store scissors closed and hand them to another person with the handle facing away, Remove pins from fabric during sewing and store carefully, Sew at a moderate pace (not too fast), Turn off the iron after use and unplug from the wall. Do not rest it lying down on the ironing board, Replace the needle after a few hours of use.

Question 10

6 Safety In the kitchen-

Answer 10

Spills- clean up straight away before someone slips or hurts themselves,
Sharp equipment- hold the knife down to the side when carrying it around the room and be careful when cutting (don’t put your hands near the knife)
Heat- use oven mitts when handling hot food, do not put your hands near the gas stove, open the oven, or touch the tray without oven mitts.
Pot handles- turn handles inside so people don’t knock them over, Don’t leave the stove unattended
Surroundings- Check for combustible materials around a hot surface such as teatowels or oven mitts as they could catch on fire. Keep a fire extinguisher near the kitchen. Do not distract your friends or get distracted when working with knives, or other sharp objects, or near heat (pots, pans, oven and the stove).
Clothing- Shoes with solid soles & sturdy leather uppers must be worn in case hot water or sharp objects are dropped. Loose-fitting pieces of clothing and jewellery must be removed and hair must be tied back when cooking as these things can get caught, causing hazards. You must wear a white apron.

Question 11

How to classify fibres.

Answer 11

Until approximately 100 years ago, the only fibres available for use were natural fibres (plant- cotton and linen and animal- wool and silk). Over the years, scientific experiments & technological advances have resulted in the development of manufactured fibres. These manufactured fibres are made either by chemically altering natural substances, we call these regenerated fibres (acetate and rayon), or by mixing chemicals to make what are called synthetic fibres (polyester and nylon).

Question 12

what are the characteristics and uses of woven fabrics

Answer 12

Weaving is the process of making fabric (cloth) by interlacing two or more yarns.
A woven fabric is a stable fabric.
Some uses are:
Bedsheets, curtains, towels, clothing, upholstery, placemats, tablecloth.

Question 13

what are the characteristics and uses of knitted fabrics

Answer 13

Knitting is the process of interloping one or more yarns to form a fabric.
A knitted fabric is a stretch fabric.
Some uses are:
Beanies, stockings and socks, underwear, swimwear, leggings, leotards, activewear.

Question 14

what are the characteristics and uses of non-woven fabrics

Answer 14

Non-woven fabrics are produced directly from felting. Fibres are laid down at random and bonded together by heating, glueing or stitching.
Some uses are:
Insulation, carpet underlying, interfacing for clothing, hats, crafts, car interiors.

Question 15

How cotton gets from the field to how it is used by us:

Answer 15

In tropical countries like India, planted cotton Squares (flower buds) develop several weeks after the plant starts to grow, with flowers appearing a few days later. The flowers then drop, leaving a ripening seed pod that becomes the cotton ball after pollination. When mature, the crop is picked and ginned, a process that separates the cotton fibre from the seed. The seed is used to make animal feed and cooking oil. The fibre goes to spinning wheels, which is turned into yarn, which is knitted or woven and eventually dyed- then transported on ships to countries around the world.

Question 16

The characteristics of a cotton plant:

Answer 16

Cotton is grown commercially as an annual shrub and reaches about 1.2 metres in height. Its leaves are broad and heart-shaped with coarse veins and three to five lobes. The plant has many branches, with one main central stem. The cotton plant’s taproot reaches a depth of 1.5 metres.

Question 17

The parts of the cotton plant and their uses:

Answer 17

Root: Holds the plant in the ground
Squares (flower buds): After the flowers drop, the boll remains
Cotton boll: Contains the seeds
Seeds: Used in oil, especially for livestock
Lint: Separated from the seed to make fibre

Question 18

The properties of cotton make that makes it ideal for a range of clothes, homewares, and industrial products:

Answer 18

Cotton is Absorbent, Breathable, Hypoallergenic, Non-toxic, stronger when wet and Biodegradable. Cotton fibres can be made in various items for example Cheesecloth, corduroy, chambray, linen, canvas, broderie, anglaise.

Question 19

What are cotton linters and what are their uses?

Answer 19

Cotton liners are short, fine fibres that remain on the cottonseed after the ginning process has removed the longer staple fibres used in textile manufacturing. First-cut cotton linters are the longest and finest fibres, ideal for high-quality applications like pharmaceuticals and specialty papers. Second-cut cotton linters are shorter, these fibres are used in producing cellulose derivatives for the chemical and food industries.

Question 20

the nutritional benefits of cooking with cottonseed

Answer 20

The nutritional benefits of cooking with cottonseed oil are that it is cholesterol-free, high in polyunsaturated fats and contains high levels of antioxidants (vitamin E), which contribute to its long shelf life. Cottonseed oil can also be used in soap, margarine, emulsifiers, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, rubber and plastics. The by-product of the oil-extraction process is meal which can be used as stock feed another use for cottonseed. Cotton seed meal is a high-protein meal that can be fed to most animals. Cotton seed hulls are also a valuable feed source for livestock.

Question 21

What are the 6 essential nutrients

Answer 21

1. Carbohydrates- Starchy vegetables, fruits, grains such as oats, rice etc.
2. Protein- Dairy, fish, poultry, dairy, eggs, and plant foods such as beans, legumes, nuts, and soy are also included.
3. Fat- Oils, butter, avocado, seeds, nuts, red meats, ice cream etc
4. Vitamins A- Carrots, sweet potato, B6- salmon, bananas, C- citrus fruit, D- oily fish, milk, E- sunflower seeds, almonds, K- green leafy vegetables,
5. Minerals- Magnesium in green leafy vegetables, Potassium in tomatoes, and cucumbers, Iron in spinach, tofu, and red meat, Zinc in oysters, red meat, and poultry.
6. Water- Water, tea/coffee, watermelon, juices etc.

Question 22

What are the 5 Australian Dietary Guidelines?

Answer 22

1. To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drinks to meet your energy needs
2. Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from the five groups every day
3. Limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol
4. Encourage, support and promote breastfeeding
5. Care for your food; prepare and store it safely

Question 23

what does it mean to bake?

Answer 23

Cooking food in an oven using dry heat. This method is commonly used for bread, cakes, pastries, and some meats and vegetables. The heat surrounds the food, cooking it evenly from all sides.

Question 24

what does it mean to roast

Answer 24

Similar to baking, but usually at higher temperatures, and typically used for meat, vegetables, or nuts. Roasting creates a browned, flavorful crust on the outside of the food while keeping it tender inside.

Question 25

what does it mean to fry?

Answer 25

Cooking food in hot oil or fat. There are different types, like shallow frying, where only a small amount of oil is used, and deep frying, where the food is fully submerged in oil, creating a crispy exterior.

Question 26

what does it mean to boil?

Answer 26

Cooking food by submerging it in boiling water. Commonly used for pasta, eggs, vegetables, and grains. Boiling makes food tender and is often a quick cooking method.

Question 27

what does it mean to chop?

Answer 27

utting food into small, rough pieces, usually without a strict size or shape. This technique is often used for ingredients like vegetables, herbs, or fruits.

Question 28

what does it mean to slice?

Answer 28

Cutting food into thin, even pieces. Slicing is commonly used for vegetables, fruits, and meats, creating uniform cuts.

Question 29

what does it mean to peel?

Answer 29

Removing the outer skin or layer of certain foods, like fruits, vegetables, and even some cheeses. This is usually done with a peeler or knife to prepare the food for cooking or eating.

Question 30

In the kitchen what is the 5 importances of hygiene?

Answer 30

Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after cooking, after handling raw meat to avoid cross-contamination, and after touching anything that could carry germs (like a trash can).
Clean surfaces- After cooking, wipe down counters and wash cutting boards and utensils with hot, soapy water after food preparation, especially after handling raw foods like meat or eggs.
Separate Raw and cooked foods- Use separate cutting boards for raw meat and vegetables to prevent cross-contamination. Never place cooked food back on a plate that holds raw meat.
Personal Hygiene- Tie back long hair, wear a clean apron, and avoid touching your face while cooking.
Wash Fruits and Vegetables- Before cooking, Rinse fresh produce under running water to remove dirt and possible pesticides.

Question 31

What is a Closed zig-zag seam

Answer 31

is a zigzag seam which is used to join two edges of fabric by making a seam without fraying.

Question 32

What is a Machine hem?

Answer 32

is an edge of fabric not joined to another that is turned up & sewn to prevent the raw edge from fraying. A hem is usually made on the bottom edge of a garment and is sewn by the machine.

Question 33

What is a Appliqué?

Answer 33

is a sewing technique that involves sewing one layer of fabric on top of another to create a pattern or design. You can use a straight stitch or a zigzag stitch to prevent fraying.

Question 34

What are some examples of hand embroidery stitches?

Answer 34

There are multiple embroidery stitches such as the simple running stitch, Backstitch (like a running stitch but no gaps between threads, put the thread through the same hole), outline stitch (a long running stitch then pull the thread back through half of the stitch, repeatedly), Satin stitch (used to fill out shapes with straight stitches in rows), Small leaf stitch (similar to satin stitch but all threads meet back at the same hole) and Threaded running stitch (running stitch with thread weaving in and out to make a wavy line).

Question 35

How to minimise hazards in the wood tech workshop?

Answer 35

Wear Protective Gear: Use safety glasses, gloves, dust masks, and hearing protection when operating machines.
Keep Tools in Good Condition: Regularly check tools for sharpness and damage. Dull tools require more force, increasing the risk of accidents. (machines like the scroll saw, and hand drill need regular changing)
Organize the Workspace: Keep floors clear of sawdust and clutter so remember to clean the area after use, and store tools safely to prevent tripping or accidental injuries.
Turn Off Machines When Not in Use: Ensure all equipment is turned off and unplugged before adjusting or cleaning.
Follow Machine Safety Protocols: Be aware of all emergency exits, first aid kits, buttons, fire blankets and extinguishers never operate machines without proper training.

Question 36

what are the safety protocols of the scroll saw?

Answer 36

Be aware of the safety zone when the machine is in use
PPE must be worn
No eating or drinking at the machine
Safety must be done before use
Check the machine before use

Question 37

what are the safety protocols of the laser cutter and 3D printer?

Answer 37

for the laser cutter- The room is ventilated when in use
Do not look at the laser beam when in use
Do not lift open the door when in use
For the 3D printer- Don’t touch the nozzle.
Stop the machine if not working.
Don’t make adjustments when in use.

Question 38

what are the safety protocols of the hammer?

Answer 38

Concentrate when hammering by keeping your fingers away from the hammerhead
Do not strike hammerheads against each other

Question 39

what are the safety protocols of the plane?

Answer 39

Enclosed leather shoes must be worn
Work must secured when in use
Use two hands when using the plane
Pres the plane on its side when making adjustments to the work

Question 40

what are the safety protocols of the portable sander and hand files?

Answer 40

For the portable sander- Use two hands when using the portable sander
Switch off from the main power source when not in use
Work must be secured when in use
PPE must be worn
For the hand files- Work must be secured when in use
Use two hands when filing
PPE must be worn

Question 41

what are the safety protocols of the c or g clamp and the vice?

Answer 41

For the c clamp- Do not overwind clamp
Don’t put fingers between clamps
Use two hands when handling the clamp
For the vice- Do not overwind clamp
Don’t put fingers between clamps
Use two hands when handling the clamp
Wind up the vice when not in use