Yearlub 2022 Flashcards
Man presents with pneumonia, he also has cystic fibrosis. What is the most common organism to cause this?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What ECG changes can occur due to a pulmonary embolism?
Sinus tachycardia
T wave inversion in leads V1-V3
What is Thrombophlebitis
Inflammatory process causing blood clot in one or more superficial veins in your legs
Give examples of a class one anti-arrhythmic drug and how it works?
Rhythm control by calcium channel blocker to slow conduction and prolong repolarisation
Lignocaine, flecainide, disopyramide
What is the treatment for atrial fibrillation?
- rhythm control using cardioversion like class I (flecainide) or class III (amiodarone)
If doesnt work
- rate control using digoxin, beta blocker or class IV (verapamil)
If cannot control it then use preventative using anticoagulation like warfarin, rivaroxaban
Man presents with Slow rising pulse, exertional dyspnoea and syncope. What murmur is he likely to have?
Aortic stenosis.
What component of the coagulation cascade does rivaroxaban block?
Xa
What is dysplasia?
Disordered growth of cells, precancerous legions
Women presents with 24 hours of vomiting and mentions that she had Reheated rice yesterday night. What is the likely causative organism?
Bacillus cereus
Drug user presents with rise in AST and ALT, jaundice, fatigue, arthralgia
HEP C
You suspect a hepatitis infection in a patient, you do a blood test and find HBcAb present. What does this suggest?
HBcAb antibodies against a caught infection
Young girl presents with an assumed paracetamol overdose, what is your treatment
N- acetylcysteine
You endoscope a young patients bowel and see a cobble stones picture, fissures, its patchy and appears to be effecting all the layers of the intestine. What is the diagnosis?
Crohns disease
What do U and Es assess?
Electrolytes, kidney function, urea levels.
Someone is on warfarin, they come into clinic every few weeks to measure what in their blood?
INR (prothrombin time) to investigate clotting ability
What is te most common murmur associated with rheumatic fever?
Mitral stenosis
What are common side effects of calcium channel blockers?
Ankle oedema
Constipation
What is the first line treatment for stable angina?
Beta blocker/ calcium channel blocker
GTN spray 2nd
What is a common side effect of captopril?
ACE inhibitor
Dry cough
What is the treatment for AF patients?
Beta blockers
Women presents acutely with AF and 150 BPM, what is your treatment
Cardioversion
What spirometry results ewould you expect in restrictive lung disease
Reduced FEV and FVC, normal FEV/FVC ratio, normal PEFR
Which type of lung cancer expresses thyroid transcription factor
Adenocarcinoma
What is reiters syndrome?
Reactive arthritis presenting with conjunctivitis, urethritis and arthritis after infection
