Year 9 History Exam 1 revision cards Flashcards
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What new fighting vehicle was first used at the Battle of the Somme?
Tanks
When were tanks first used?
At the battle of the Somme.
What were the official ages of British volunteers in WW1?
18-41 (could not be sent overseas until they were 19)
When was the armistice (ceasefire) that ended WW1 signed by German leaders?
11am on 11th November 1918
What do we mean by ‘stalemate?’
A situation in a battle or war where neither army can gain significant ground.
What was conscription?
Any man aged 18-41 could be forced to join the army. Not doing so when ordered to was illegal.
Which question on Year 9 Exam 1 wants you to use your knowledge to decide and explain which interpretation is most convincing?
Q3
What were conscientious objectors?
people who refused to fight because of their beliefs.
How many British casualties were there on the first day of the Battle of the Somme?
60,000 (including 19,000 dead)
On Q1 of Year 9 Exam 1, what must you make sure you do with the two interpretations?
Write about what is different
What was different about the British army at the Battle of the Somme?
It was a huge near army of volunteers.
What was the main use of planes during WW1?
Reconnaissance (spying on the enemy).
What was shell-shock?
A nervous breakdown in soldiers brought on by the experience of war.
In what year did the British government introduce conscription?
1916
How many British soldiers by the end of WW1 had been executed for cowardice?
332
What did ships have to do with defeat of the Germans in in WW1?
The German navy had a mutiny.
What was fired at the German trenches for 7 days before the official start of the Battle of the Somme?
1.5 million artillery shells.
With which battle would you associate General Haig?
The Battle of the Somme.
Which country joined WW1 on Britain and France’s side in 1917 that helped to defeat Germany?
America.
What was no-man’s land?
The area between the front line trenches of the two opposing sides. This area was covered in barbed wire and covered by the machine guns of both sides.
Which question on Year 9 Exam 1 wants you to use PASTA to explain why the two interpretations are different?
Q2
What happened on 1st July 1916?
First day of the Battle of the Somme
What were ‘conchies?’
Conscientious objectors - people who refused to fight because of their beliefs.
On Q2 of Year 9 Exam 1, what must you make sure you do with the two interpretations?
Use PASTA to explain why they are different.
What risk was there to soldiers who didn’t keep below the line of the trenches?
Being shot by an enemy sniper.
What emotions were WW1 recruitment posters trying to make men feel?
Excitement about the war and guilt for not getting involved.
Which question on Year 9 Exam 1 wants you to spot the difference between two interpretations?
Q1
What are mustard, chlorine and phosgene?
Names of different types of gas used in combat.
On what date did the Battle of the Somme begin?
1st July 1916
On Q3 of Year 9 Exam 1, what must you make sure you do with the two interpretations?
Use just your knowledge (not PASTA) to explain which one is most convincing and why.
What was the impact of the weather on life in the trenches?
In rain soldiers in trenches would be knee-deep in water, in winter the mud might freeze as hard as rock, in summer it might bake in blistering heat.
What range of moods and emotions might soldiers in the trenches feel?
discomfort, boredom, anxiety, uncertainty, excitement, terror.
What % of deaths in WW1 were caused by gas weapons?
1.4%
What was ‘behind the lines?’
The safe space behind the trenches where soldiers could access hospitals, dressing stations and supplies.
What were the years of the First World War?
1914-1918
On Q1 of Year 9 Exam 1, what must you make sure you do with the two interpretations?
Write about what is different
What new tactical ideas helped to defeat the German army in 1918?
Use of stormtroopers and the rolling artillery barrage.
When were gas weapons first used in combat?
April 1915.
How many British soldiers were killed during WW1?
Almost 1 million.
Who was in charge of the British army at the time of the Battle of the Somme?
General Haig
When we talk about ‘shells’ in WW1, what are we referring to?
Artillery shells - huge explosive bullets that were always being fired in both directions.
What do we mean by ‘the Western Front?’
The long line of trenches that stretched from the English Channel to the edge of Switzerland.
