year 9 end of years

Question 1

what is the function of a nucleus?

Answer 1

it controls the activities of the cell and contains the genetic material

Question 2

what is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 2

it is where respiration happens to release energy

Question 3

what is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 3

it is where proteins are made

Question 4

what is the function of cytoplasm?

Answer 4

it is where all chemical reactions happen

Question 5

what is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 5

it controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 6

what is the function of chloroplast?

Answer 6

contains chlorophyll which traps light for photosynthesis

Question 7

what is the function of a cell wall?

Answer 7

it supports the cell (holds it together)

Question 8

what is the function of a vacuole?

Answer 8

contains cell sap

Question 9

in an animal cell, what is glucose stored as?

Answer 9

glycogen

Question 10

in a plant cell, what is glucose stored as?

Answer 10

starch

Question 11

what is saprotrophic nutrition?

Answer 11

it is a mode of extracellular nutrition in which digestive enzymes are secreted onto the food outside the cell and the products of digestion are absorbed

Question 12

what does pathogenic mean?

Answer 12

causes diseases

Question 13

are protoctists multicellular organisms?

Answer 13

no, they are microscopic single-celled organisms

Question 14

what are the cell walls of fungi made out of?

Answer 14

chitin

Question 15

are bacteria multicellular organisms?

Answer 15

no, they are microscopic single-celled organisms

Question 16

what are the cell walls of plants made out of?

Answer 16

cellulose

Question 17

does bacteria have a nucleus?

Answer 17

no, but they do contain circular chromosomes of DNA

Question 18

why do you do the iodine food test?

Answer 18

to test for starch in foods

Question 19

why do you do the benedicts food test?

Answer 19

to test for sugar in foods

Question 20

why do you do the biuret food test?

Answer 20

to test for proteins in foods

Question 21

why do you do the sudan III food test?

Answer 21

to test for lipids in foods

Question 22

in the iodine test, what is the colour change?

Answer 22

brown to blue-black

Question 23

in the benedicts test, what is the colour change?

Answer 23

blue to brick-red

Question 24

in the biuret test, what is the colour change?

Answer 24

blue to purple

Question 25

in the sudan III test, what is formed if there is lipids present?

Answer 25

a red ring is formed

Question 26

what does it mean by saying an enzymes optimum temperature?

Answer 26

optimum temperatures would be where the rate of reaction is highest

Question 27

what are carbohydrates made of?

Answer 27

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 28

what are fats (lipids) made of?

Answer 28

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 29

what are proteins made of?

Answer 29

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

Question 30

how are proteins digested?

Answer 30

proteins are digested by protease enzymes into single amino acids

Question 31

how are fats (lipids) digested?

Answer 31

fats are digested by lipase into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 32

how are carbohydrates digested?

Answer 32

starch is digested by amylase into maltose. maltose is then digested into glucose by maltase

Question 33

what does bile do?

Answer 33

bile emulsifies fats, increasing the surface area for lipase to work on

Question 34

where is bile made?

Answer 34

liver

Question 35

where is bile stored?

Answer 35

gallbladder

Question 36

what is glucose?

Answer 36

glucose is a simple sugar which is small enough to be absorbed into the blood in the small intestine

Question 37

can fibre be digested?

Answer 37

no but it helps the gut by giving something to push on

Question 38

why is it important to have lots of water in your diet?

Answer 38

because all chemical reactions in your body take place in a solution

Question 39

where is iron found?

Answer 39

found in haemoglobin found in red blood cells

Question 40

what are some protoctist kingdom examples?

Answer 40

ameoba, slime mould

Question 41

what are some fungus kingdom examples?

Answer 41

black mould, yeasts, edible mushrooms (oyster)

Question 42

what are some bacteria kingdom examples?

Answer 42

E.coli, salmonella

Question 43

what are some virus kingdom examples?

Answer 43

flu, chicken pox

Question 44

are viruses living things?

Answer 44

no they are not alive