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BGS Year 9 > Year 9 Biology Summer Exam > Flashcards

Year 9 Biology Summer Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Where do chemical reactions take place?

A

Cytoplasm

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2
Q

What part of the cell contains DNA?

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

What controls what moves in and out of the cell?

A

Cell membrane

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4
Q

What is the function of the mitochondrion?

A

Site of energy production

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5
Q

What is the function of the vacuole?

A

Contains cell sap

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6
Q

What is the function of the chloroplast?

A

Traps light energy for photosynthesis

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7
Q

How can you calculate the total magnification of the microscope?

A

eyepiece lens magnification x objective lens magnification

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8
Q

How do you stop air bubbles forming when making a slide?

A

Lower the coverslip slowly

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9
Q

What chemical stains the cell so the structures become visible?

A

Iodine

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10
Q

What is the definition of a specialised cell?

A

Cells that are adapted to carry out a particular function

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11
Q

What is the definition of a stem cell?

A

An unspecialised cell that can divide and differentiate into a specialised cell

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12
Q

What are the adaptations of a red blood cell?

A

Biconcave shape to increase the surface area, no nucleus to increase the space to hold oxygen

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13
Q

What are the adaptations of a nerve cell?

A

Large surface area to carry electrical impulses, has an insulating sheath to speed up electrical impulses

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14
Q

What are the adaptations of a sperm cell?

A

Tail to help it swim

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15
Q

What are some advantages of stem cell research?

A

Helps cure disease, creates jobs for scientists, helps treat people with burns, organ transplants may be a thing of the past

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16
Q

What are some disadvantages of stem cell research?

A

Kills embryos, it is wrong to play God, risk of passing on virsues

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17
Q

What is a nucleotide made up of?

A

sugar, base, phosphate

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18
Q

What bases are complementary to each other in DNA?

A

A joins with T , C joins with G

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19
Q

What bonds hold the bases together?

A

Hydrogen

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20
Q

What is the spiral shape of DNA called?

A

Double Helix

21
Q

Where are chromosomes found in the cell?

22
Q

What enzymes are used to cut DNA?

A

Restriction enzymes

23
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

Reproduction that does not need a partner

24
Q

What is a physical change?

A

A visible change

25
Give an example of emotional changes
mood swings
26
What changes happen during puberty in both males and females?
Pubic hair, armpit hair, growth spurt
27
What is the sex cell found in females?
egg cell
28
What is the sex cell found in males?
sperm cell
29
What is a fertilised egg called?
zygote
30
When a fertilised egg divides in a ball of cells, what is this ball of cell called?
Embryo
31
What produces eggs?
Ovary
32
What carries eggs from the ovary to the uterus?
Oviduct
33
What widens during childbirth?
Cervix
34
What is the name of the tube that carries sperm and urine out of the penis?
Urethra
35
What is the name of the cord that connects the Mother to the baby?
Umbilical cord
36
What happens during child birth?
Babies head turns to face the cervix, waters break, contractions start, umbilical cord is cut, after birth is delivered (placenta)
37
What is a habitat?
a place where an animal lives
38
What is a physical adapatation?
physical features that an animal has that enables it to SURVIVE e.g. camouflage
39
What is a behavior adaptation?
A learned behavior that helps an animal to SURVIVE e.g. penguin huddling
40
What part of the male produces sperm?
Testes
41
What is germination?
A seed begins to grow. The radicle becomes visible.
42
What is pollination?
Transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma
43
What is fertilisation?
The pollen nucleus joins with the female ovule (egg)
44
What is seed dispersal?
Seeds are scattered away from the parent plant to prevent constipation for resources
45
What is the testa?
The tough outer coating of a seed
46
What is the radicle?
The young root
47
What is the plumule?
The young shoot
48
What is a cotyledon?
Contains starch for the embryo to survive and grow
49
What is a micropyle?
A small hole that lets gases in and out

BGS Year 9 (2 decks)

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