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BGS Year 9 > Year 9 Biology Summer Exam > Flashcards

Year 9 Biology Summer Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Where do chemical reactions take place?

A

Cytoplasm

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2
Q

What part of the cell contains DNA?

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

What controls what moves in and out of the cell?

A

Cell membrane

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4
Q

What is the function of the mitochondrion?

A

Site of energy production

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5
Q

What is the function of the vacuole?

A

Contains cell sap

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6
Q

What is the function of the chloroplast?

A

Traps light energy for photosynthesis

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7
Q

How can you calculate the total magnification of the microscope?

A

eyepiece lens magnification x objective lens magnification

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8
Q

How do you stop air bubbles forming when making a slide?

A

Lower the coverslip slowly

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9
Q

What chemical stains the cell so the structures become visible?

A

Iodine

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10
Q

What is the definition of a specialised cell?

A

Cells that are adapted to carry out a particular function

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11
Q

What is the definition of a stem cell?

A

An unspecialised cell that can divide and differentiate into a specialised cell

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12
Q

What are the adaptations of a red blood cell?

A

Biconcave shape to increase the surface area, no nucleus to increase the space to hold oxygen

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13
Q

What are the adaptations of a nerve cell?

A

Large surface area to carry electrical impulses, has an insulating sheath to speed up electrical impulses

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14
Q

What are the adaptations of a sperm cell?

A

Tail to help it swim

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15
Q

What are some advantages of stem cell research?

A

Helps cure disease, creates jobs for scientists, helps treat people with burns, organ transplants may be a thing of the past

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16
Q

What are some disadvantages of stem cell research?

A

Kills embryos, it is wrong to play God, risk of passing on virsues

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17
Q

What is a nucleotide made up of?

A

sugar, base, phosphate

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18
Q

What bases are complementary to each other in DNA?

A

A joins with T , C joins with G

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19
Q

What bonds hold the bases together?

A

Hydrogen

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20
Q

What is the spiral shape of DNA called?

A

Double Helix

21
Q

Where are chromosomes found in the cell?

A

Nucleus

22
Q

What enzymes are used to cut DNA?

A

Restriction enzymes

23
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

Reproduction that does not need a partner

24
Q

What is a physical change?

A

A visible change

25
Q

Give an example of emotional changes

A

mood swings

26
Q

What changes happen during puberty in both males and females?

A

Pubic hair, armpit hair, growth spurt

27
Q

What is the sex cell found in females?

A

egg cell

28
Q

What is the sex cell found in males?

A

sperm cell

29
Q

What is a fertilised egg called?

A

zygote

30
Q

When a fertilised egg divides in a ball of cells, what is this ball of cell called?

A

Embryo

31
Q

What produces eggs?

A

Ovary

32
Q

What carries eggs from the ovary to the uterus?

A

Oviduct

33
Q

What widens during childbirth?

A

Cervix

34
Q

What is the name of the tube that carries sperm and urine out of the penis?

A

Urethra

35
Q

What is the name of the cord that connects the Mother to the baby?

A

Umbilical cord

36
Q

What happens during child birth?

A

Babies head turns to face the cervix, waters break, contractions start, umbilical cord is cut, after birth is delivered (placenta)

37
Q

What is a habitat?

A

a place where an animal lives

38
Q

What is a physical adapatation?

A

physical features that an animal has that enables it to SURVIVE e.g. camouflage

39
Q

What is a behavior adaptation?

A

A learned behavior that helps an animal to SURVIVE e.g. penguin huddling

40
Q

What part of the male produces sperm?

A

Testes

41
Q

What is germination?

A

A seed begins to grow. The radicle becomes visible.

42
Q

What is pollination?

A

Transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma

43
Q

What is fertilisation?

A

The pollen nucleus joins with the female ovule (egg)

44
Q

What is seed dispersal?

A

Seeds are scattered away from the parent plant to prevent constipation for resources

45
Q

What is the testa?

A

The tough outer coating of a seed

46
Q

What is the radicle?

A

The young root

47
Q

What is the plumule?

A

The young shoot

48
Q

What is a cotyledon?

A

Contains starch for the embryo to survive and grow

49
Q

What is a micropyle?

A

A small hole that lets gases in and out

BGS Year 9 (2 decks)

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