Year 8 Term 1 Flashcards
State 4 factors affecting food choice
Lifestyle, likes/dislikes, environmental, marketing/ money, occupation, organic, nutrition, age/adverts, day/time, ethics.
What does being a vegetarian mean ?
Eating more grains, pulses, nuts, seeds, vegetables, fibre, fruits. Less saturated fat. No meat, no seafood. Can eat eggs, dairy.
What does being a vegan mean ?
No meat, no seafood, no eggs, no dairy.
What does being a pescatarian mean ?
No meat. Can eat fish, eggs, dairy.
Aside from religion give three reasons people may be a vegetarian ?
Animal cruelty, parents/ friends are vegetarian, think it’s healthier.
Christian dietary rules ?
No banned foods but at Easter hot cross buns/ Easter eggs and on Friday fish.
Islam/Muslim dietary rules ?
Animals halal slaughtered. Can’t eat pigs (dirty). No alcohol.
Judaism dietary rules ?
Kosher kosher foods. 1. Animal - clean hooves and chew cud, perfect health prepared in special way. 2. Fish with scales and fins. 3.meat and dairy separate. Major fast is YomKippur
Hindu dietary rules ?
Cow is sacred. Avoid meat and eggs. Vegetarian. Daily produce without rennet.
Teenage requirements more what ?
Fruit, veg,pulses,whole grains = fibre, iron (to prevent anaemia, Milk,dairy,calcium, Oily fish omega 3
Teenage requirements less what ?
Processed meat = cancer risk, added sugar=teeth, obesity,salt = high blood pressure, saturated fat = obesity.
What is an balanced diet ?
Eating a variety of food which provide the necessary nutrients in the correct amount for an individuals needs.
What is an unbalanced diet ?
Eating too much fatty, salty and high sugar foods. Or not eating enough whole green, fish, fruit or vegeatables
What is obesity ?
An individual with a bmi of more than 30.
What does BMI stand for ?
Body mass index
What is the calculation for BMI ?
Weight in kg divided by height in m2 (meters squared).
What does an obese person have a greater risk of ?
Stroke, type 2 diabetes, depression, anxiety, cancer, heart disease, asthma, sleep apnoea, liver disease.
State three factors that can cause someone to become overweight.
Comfort eating, eating too much and doing too little excercise, lack of understanding of food.
What is the amount of sugar in the blood is controlled by … ?
Insulin
What is insulin produces by ?
Pancreas
What does insulin move out of your blood and into your cells ?
Glucose
What does glucose do ?
It produces energy.
When do type 1 diabetes get diagnosed ?
Young adulthood or as a child.
How does a type 1 diabetic control their disease ?
They eat a healthy balanced diet, monitoring their blood sugar and injecting insulin.
If a diabetic has too much sugar what could they suffer ?
A hyperglycaemic episode
If a diabetic has too little sugar what could they suffer ?
A hypoglycaemic episode.
Where is type 2 diabetes found ?
Overweight people
How is type 2 diabetes controlled ?
Eating healthy balanced and losing weight.
What is a food allergy?
It’s the body having an allergic reaction to an ingredient or food.
What does the body produce when it’s having an allergic reaction ?
Histamine
Symptoms of an allergic reaction.
Rashes, itchy, runny nose, swelling, wheezing.
What could a severe allergy result in ?
Anaphylactic shock and in extreme cases death.
Name the common food allergies
Peanuts, sea fish, eggs, milk, nuts, strawberry, kiwi fruit.
What’s harder to diagnose ( allergy/intolerance ) and why ?
Intolerances because you need to stop eating the food that seems to be the problem.
Symptoms of an intolerances ?
Abdominal pains, aches and pains, bloating, fatigue, diarrhoea, nausea.
What are the most important intolerances?
Gluten, lactose(milk sugar) and wheat.
What is coeliac disease ?
It’s an autoimmune response to gluten.
Where is gluten found ?
Wheat, rye and barley.
What is damaged by coeliac disease ?
Villi in the small intestine it reduces surface area so less nutrients are absorbed.
What could coeliac disease cause ?
Malnutrition, tiredness, weight lost, stomach pains.
Is coeliac disease better/worse than gluten intolerance?
Worse
What dietary impacts does being a coeliac have ?
Can’t eat normal cakes, biscuits, pastry, bread (anything that contains gluten)
What flour could you use instead of gluten flour ?
Rice flour, corn flour or buckwheat flour
What must coeliacs do when eating out and buying food ?
Must read ingredients list and ask what’s in the dish when eating out.
What is the difference between an allergy and intolerance?
Intolerance are less severe harder to diagnose when you stop eating the food the symptoms will go away. Histamine released can cause long term. Anaphylactic shock and death.
