Year 8 Revision Flashcards
When a depression weather system forms, it includes two fronts, the cold front and the warm front. Which front moves faster?
The Cold Front
If the air pressure is low, is the air rising or falling?
Rising
What is the climate type of the UK called?
Temperate
We have an ocean current which affects our climate in the UK called the Gulf Stream. Where does the Gulf Stream originate?
The Caribbean
In the UK, we have wind that comes to us from many different directions during the course of a year. However, our wind mainly comes from one direction (we call this the ‘prevailing wind’). Which direction does the prevailing wind come from?
The South-West
What is the greenhouse effect?
The effect longwave radiation being trapped by gases in the earth’s atmosphere.
In the UK, it is generally true that the further north you are, the cooler the average temperatures (therefore central Scotland is generally cooler than central England). What effect is this?
The Effect of Latitude
Temperatures can be measured in degrees C or degrees F. What does the F stand for?
Farenheit
There is much evidence from around the world that the earth’s climate is warming (called global warming). One piece of evidence relates to sea levels rising. Why is this happening?
Ice is melting from ice sheets and glaciers, adding water to the sea.
Thermal expansion means that in warmer temperatures, the oceans expand taking up more space.
How many years is climate usually measured over?
30 Years
When relief rainfall forms, it tends to create more intense rainfall on the windward side of the mountains (the direction the wind is coming from) and at the top. The other side of the mountains is usually drier. What do we call this effect?
Rain Shadow
Where do hurricanes form?
Over warm seas
Hurricanes are graded depending on how strong they get. What is the highest category a hurricane can reach?
Category 5
What term do we use for rainfall that occurs because warm air meets cool air along a line in the atmosphere?
Frontal Rainfall
Rainfall always forms from the same sequence of events but which of these sequence of events is in the right order?
Water evaporates - Air with water vapour rises - Air cools - Water vapour condenses - It rains
You decide to collect some data to measure changes in the weather in your garden over the course of a week. What could you use a wind vane for?
To measure the direction of the wind.
What do we call a long period of unusually dry weather?
A drought
Which weather system in the UK is associated with high pressure?
Anticyclone
Which word would best describe the climate of the UK?
Mild
What air pressure would you expect to occur in a hurricane?
Low Air Pressure
In the UK in winter, would you expect it to be warmer or cooler near the sea (compared with inland, away from the sea)?
Warmer
What is an isobar?
A line on a weather map which connects areas with the same air pressure.
It is generally true that the average temperature is cooler at the top of very high mountains. Why is this?
Because the air is generally thinner at the top of mountains, making it cooler.
Extreme weather describes weather systems which have many impacts on people and environments (such as hurricanes, floods, heatwaves, blizzards etc.) As a result of global warming, what do many people believe might happen to extreme weather events?
They will occur more frequently.
If you experienced an anticyclone in the UK in the winter, what would you expect the temperature to be like?
Very cold
Which force makes a glacier move?
Gravity
When permafrost melts it releases different gases which have previously been locked in the ice. Select two gases which can cause global warming.
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
What is the name given to large cracks that open up in a glacier?
Cravasse
Which type of avalanche is considered most dangerous, with 90% of avalanche deaths?
Slab Avalanches
Throughout history the Earth has experienced changes in temperature. Select the correct definition of glacial and interglacial periods.
Glacial periods occur when the climate is cold and glaciers and ice sheets advance and interglacial periods occur when ice loses mass and retreats.
What process occurs for snow to turn to glacial ice?
Compression
Ice sheets are only found in which specific areas?
Greenland and Antarctica
What is the correct definition of permafrost?
Ground that has been frozen for at least 2 years.
Which location currently has valley glaciers?
The Alps
What area does a mass of ice have to be before it is called an ice sheet?
Over 50,000km squared
Approximately how long has it been since the last ice age?
12,000 years
