Year 8 Revision

Question 1

When a depression weather system forms, it includes two fronts, the cold front and the warm front. Which front moves faster?

Answer 1

The Cold Front

Question 2

If the air pressure is low, is the air rising or falling?

Answer 2

Rising

Question 3

What is the climate type of the UK called?

Answer 3

Temperate

Question 4

We have an ocean current which affects our climate in the UK called the Gulf Stream. Where does the Gulf Stream originate?

Answer 4

The Caribbean

Question 5

In the UK, we have wind that comes to us from many different directions during the course of a year. However, our wind mainly comes from one direction (we call this the ‘prevailing wind’). Which direction does the prevailing wind come from?

Answer 5

The South-West

Question 6

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 6

The effect longwave radiation being trapped by gases in the earth’s atmosphere.

Question 7

In the UK, it is generally true that the further north you are, the cooler the average temperatures (therefore central Scotland is generally cooler than central England). What effect is this?

Answer 7

The Effect of Latitude

Question 8

Temperatures can be measured in degrees C or degrees F. What does the F stand for?

Answer 8

Farenheit

Question 9

There is much evidence from around the world that the earth’s climate is warming (called global warming). One piece of evidence relates to sea levels rising. Why is this happening?

Answer 9

Ice is melting from ice sheets and glaciers, adding water to the sea.
Thermal expansion means that in warmer temperatures, the oceans expand taking up more space.

Question 10

How many years is climate usually measured over?

Answer 10

30 Years

Question 11

When relief rainfall forms, it tends to create more intense rainfall on the windward side of the mountains (the direction the wind is coming from) and at the top. The other side of the mountains is usually drier. What do we call this effect?

Answer 11

Rain Shadow

Question 12

Where do hurricanes form?

Answer 12

Over warm seas

Question 13

Hurricanes are graded depending on how strong they get. What is the highest category a hurricane can reach?

Answer 13

Category 5

Question 14

What term do we use for rainfall that occurs because warm air meets cool air along a line in the atmosphere?

Answer 14

Frontal Rainfall

Question 15

Rainfall always forms from the same sequence of events but which of these sequence of events is in the right order?

Answer 15

Water evaporates - Air with water vapour rises - Air cools - Water vapour condenses - It rains

Question 16

You decide to collect some data to measure changes in the weather in your garden over the course of a week. What could you use a wind vane for?

Answer 16

To measure the direction of the wind.

Question 17

What do we call a long period of unusually dry weather?

Answer 17

A drought

Question 18

Which weather system in the UK is associated with high pressure?

Answer 18

Anticyclone

Question 19

Which word would best describe the climate of the UK?

Answer 19

Mild

Question 20

What air pressure would you expect to occur in a hurricane?

Answer 20

Low Air Pressure

Question 21

In the UK in winter, would you expect it to be warmer or cooler near the sea (compared with inland, away from the sea)?

Answer 21

Warmer

Question 22

What is an isobar?

Answer 22

A line on a weather map which connects areas with the same air pressure.

Question 23

It is generally true that the average temperature is cooler at the top of very high mountains. Why is this?

Answer 23

Because the air is generally thinner at the top of mountains, making it cooler.

Question 24

Extreme weather describes weather systems which have many impacts on people and environments (such as hurricanes, floods, heatwaves, blizzards etc.) As a result of global warming, what do many people believe might happen to extreme weather events?

Answer 24

They will occur more frequently.

Question 25

If you experienced an anticyclone in the UK in the winter, what would you expect the temperature to be like?

Answer 25

Very cold

Question 26

Which force makes a glacier move?

Answer 26

Gravity

Question 27

When permafrost melts it releases different gases which have previously been locked in the ice. Select two gases which can cause global warming.

Answer 27

Methane
Carbon Dioxide

Question 28

What is the name given to large cracks that open up in a glacier?

Answer 28

Cravasse

Question 29

Which type of avalanche is considered most dangerous, with 90% of avalanche deaths?

Answer 29

Slab Avalanches

Question 30

Throughout history the Earth has experienced changes in temperature. Select the correct definition of glacial and interglacial periods.

Answer 30

Glacial periods occur when the climate is cold and glaciers and ice sheets advance and interglacial periods occur when ice loses mass and retreats.

Question 31

What process occurs for snow to turn to glacial ice?

Answer 31

Compression

Question 32

Ice sheets are only found in which specific areas?

Answer 32

Greenland and Antarctica

Question 33

What is the correct definition of permafrost?

Answer 33

Ground that has been frozen for at least 2 years.

Question 34

Which location currently has valley glaciers?

Answer 34

The Alps

Question 35

What area does a mass of ice have to be before it is called an ice sheet?

Answer 35

Over 50,000km squared

Question 36

Approximately how long has it been since the last ice age?

Answer 36

12,000 years