Year 7 End Of Year Flashcards
What is a independent variable
The variable we are changing
What is a dependent variable
The variable we are measuring
What is Categoric data
Data that is described by a label
What if discrete data
Data that is a whole numbee
What is ordered data
Data that can be ordered but not put into an actual number
What is continuous data
Data that could have any number of
When do you plot a line graph?
When you have 2 sets of continuous data
How do you find the gradient
Changing in y
——————-
Changing in x
What is a hazard
The danger associated with a particular object
What is a risk
The chance of something happening
How do you use a Bunsen burner?
Place the Bunsen burner onto a heatproof mat
Make sure your gas tap is off when connecting the tube
Make sure your air hole is closed when lighting the Bunsen burner
Turn your gas tap on
Astronomy
The study of objects (such as starts,planets,comets and galaxies) beyond the earths atmosphere
What is the geocentric model
Where the sun is in the centre and all the planets orbit around it
What is the heliocentric model
Where the earth is in the centre and there are 5 planets orbiting around it
What is mass
Mass is the amount of matter an object contains
What is weight
Weight is the force of gravity acting on an object
What is gravitational field strength
10N/KG
Formula for finding weight
mass x gravitational field strength
What is the force of gravity
All objects have a force that attracts them towards each other
How do starts generate heat
By nuclear fusion
How to planets be seen
Because they reflect light form their star
What is our nearest star
The sun
Why do we orbit the sun
We orbit the sun due to gravity
How long does it take for the moon to rotate around the earth once
28 days
How much of the moon is lit
Only one half
Evaporation
Evaporation occurs when particles in a liquid escape to form a vapour
When does evaporation usually occur
Evaporation can occur at any temperature but its fastest at liquids boiling point
What is everything made out of
Atoms
What is an element
When a substance only has one atom
What is a pure substance
When the substance only has 1 type of element in it
What is a compound
2 or more elements chemically joined
What is an element
Made of 1 atom only
What is a mixture
2 or more elements and/or compound not joined together
Molecules
2 or more non metals chemically joined
What is diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of particles that allows them to spread out and mix with other particles
Shen does diffusion usually occur
Diffusion occurs in liquids and gasses but hardly at all in solids
What is solubility
Mass of solute that can dissolve in the amount of solvent given at a certain temperature
What is a solute
The substance being dissolved
What is a solvent
The substance doing the dissolving
What is a solution
A mixture of the solute+solvent
Soluble
A substance that dissolves in the solvent
Insoluble
The substance that cannot dissolve in a solvent
What is crystallisation
Separating a solid from a solution instead of evaporating the solution you can evaporate some of the solvent letting the solute slowly crystallise
Filtration
To separate an insoluble,you should pour onto filter paper and separate particles from the solution
Distillation
You can evaporate and then condense the solvent.This gets rid of the solute which leaves the solvent behind
MRS GREN
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
Excretion
This is the removement of waste produced by a individual
Movement
This is a change of position in order to respond to surroundings
Respiration
This is a release of energy from food or stored chemicals
Sensitivity
Reacting to the surroundings
Growth
Growing up
Reproduction
Creating new individuals
Nutritions
The intake of food
Nucleus
Controls activity of the cell
Cell membrane
Surrounds the cell
Cytoplasm
Carey out activities of the cell
Cell wall
Supports cell to stop from bursting
Permanent vacuole
Storage of waste substance
Chloroplast
Traps light energy to make food for the plant
Mitochondrien
The plant and animal cell
Muscle cell
Relaxes and controls movements around the body
Where is a muscle cell found
In the heart and muscles
Red blood cell
Carries oxygen and blood around the body
Where is a red blood cell found
Found In the circulatory system
Nerve cell
Sends and receives messages from the brain
When is the nerve cell found
Found in the brain,spinal cord and nervous system
Cilated cell
Helps to wave and move things and traps dust from getting into body
Where is a cilated cell found
Found in the lining of your nose
Egg cell
To develop into a foetus and collect genes from the mother and pass them onto child
Where is the egg cell found
In the ovaries
Palisade cell
Carry out photosynthesis for the plant
Where is a palisade cell found
Found in top half of the leaf
Sperm cell
To fertilise a woman’s egg cell and soon develop a foetus
Where is a sperm cell found
Found in a males testicles
Root hair cell
Absorbs water and nutrients from the soil
Where is a root hair cell found
Fount in roots of a plant
What is a unicellular organism
A unicellular organism is a cell that is made of 1 cell.Found in animals or plants
Good vacuole
Helps digest food
Coneradictile vacuole
Vacuole helps remove water and waste
Pseudopod
Helps engulf the food
Energy
The ability to do ‘work’ this involves movement of some sorr
Can energy be created
No energy can only be changed/converted/transferred to another form
How can kinetic energy be changed
By speeding up the object or down
How can chemical energy be changed
Can be changed by chemical bonds being made or broken
How can thermal energy be changed
Changed by material warming or cooling
How can gravitational potential energy be changed
Changed by massive objects moving closer or further apart
How can nuclear energy be changed
Can be changed by fusion
How can vibrational energy be changed
Can be changed by the amplitude of vibration increasing/decreasing
How can magnetic energy. Be changed
How can elastic potential energy be changed
Changed by squeezing/relaxing/or stretching object
How can electrostatic energy be changed
Changed by changing the distance between the objects
What are energy pathways
Energy pathways are how energy is transferred
How can you mechanically transfer energy
When a force moves through a distance
How can you electrically transfer energy
When a charge moves through a potential difference
How can energy be transferred by heating
When the temperature difference occurs
How can energy be transferred by radiation
Light and sound
What are stores measured in
Joules
What are pathways measured in
Watts
What is absolute zero
When atoms and molecules posses some kinetic energy and they freeze until the molecules are completely stationary.This is absolute zero which is 273* Celsius
What is conduction
Conduction is like pass the punch.Some materials pass on the kinetic energy better than others.The best conductors are metals as they have free electrons to move along the material
What is convection
Convection is warmer air rising as you transfer heat
Why does warm air rise
Warm air rises because it is less dense
What is infrared radiation
Is a form of electromagnetic spectrum.It does not need anything else to transfer it as it travels in invisible waves
Example of infrared radiation
The sun
Why do solids melt
Solids melt because the particles gain energy and move further apart
Why do liquids freeze
Liquids freeze because the particles lose energy and move closer together
Why do gasses condense
The particles lose energy and move closer together
Why do liquids evaporate
Because the particles gain energy and move further apart
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What Is DNA made out of
Long strands connected by an acid to create a double helix
Where is DNA found inside a cell
DNA is found inside the nucleus
What is DNA called when it winds up tight
A chromosome
What is a gene
A gene is the set of instructions to posses a particular trait
Inheritance characteristics
The features we inherit from our genes
What is an allele made out of
A moms and dads feature paired
Dominant allele
Allele will express itself which means it will show itself regarding whether there is a recessive allele or not
Recessive
Allele will only show itself if it has a recessive allele gene
Why are fatal diseases still around if they kill people
Adults with the desease pass it on to their children
Chromosomes
46 chromosomes in a nucleus
23 pairs
All the chromosomes make up a cells genome
What is the circulatory system
Transports blood around the body,oxygen and glucose too
What is the main organ of the circulatory system
The heart because is sends blood through your body through tube like organs called blood vessels
What is the nervous system
Helps the organism to respond to the environment around it
What is the job of the lungs
The job of the lungs is to exchange gases
What is a wave
A wave is a transfer of energy
What do all waves require to travel
A medium
What is a medium
A solid liquid or gas
What are oscillations
The points in sound waves
What are examples of transverse waves
Water ripples
Light
Slinky rope
What are longitudinal waves
Longitudinal waves consist of squashes and stretches which travel outward
What is the amplitude of a wave
The maximum displacement of a point on a wave away from its undisturbed position
What is the wavelength
Wavelength is the distance between the two consecutive crests our troughs
What is the frequency of a wave
The number of waves passing a point each second
What is the wave speed
The speed at which energy is transferred through the medium
What is thermal energy
Any object with a temperature
What is kinetic energy
Any object that is moving
What is gravitational potential
Objects at a height above the ground
What is elastic potential energy
Objects that are stretched or compressed
What is chemical energy
Anything that has a chemical energy store
What is nuclear energy
Energy that is stored in the nucleus
What is magnetic potential energy
When two magnets are held close together
What is electrostatic potential
When charges are close together