Year 3 Emergency Drugs

Question 1

What dose of Adrenaline is given in a Cardiac Arrest?

Answer 1

1mg of 1:10000 IV

Question 2

What dose of Adrenaline is given in Anaphylaxis?

Answer 2

0.5ml of 1:1000 IM

Question 3

What dose of Hydrocortisone is given in Anaphylaxis?

Answer 3

100-300mg IV

Question 4

What dose of Chlorphenamine is given in Anaphylaxis?

Answer 4

10mg IV or IM (can be repeated up to four times a day)

Question 5

What dose of Atropine is given in Post MI Bradycardia??

Answer 5

500mcg every 3-5 minutes IV (max 3mg per course)

Question 6

What dose of Aspirin is given in MI/Stroke/TIA?

Answer 6

300mg PO

Question 7

What dose of Clopidogrel is given with Aspirin in MI/Stroke/TIA?

Answer 7

300mg then 75mg (only continued for 6 months if unprovoked attack)

Question 8

What dose of Calcium Gluconate is given in Acute Hyperkalaemia?

Answer 8

30ml 10% IV over 10mins

10ml if calcium chloride

Question 9

Describe the doses of Insulin/Dextrose given in Hyperkalaemia

Answer 9

Insulin should be diluted and mixed with 0.9% NaCl at a concentration of 1 unit/ml, infusion rate at 0.1 units/kg/hr

10% Glucose solution given at a rate of 125ml/hr

Question 10

Describe the management of a CONSCIOUS Hypoglycaemic patient (able to swallow)

Answer 10

15 - 20g of Carbohydrates (often in the form of fruit juice 150 - 200ml)
After Glucose has risen above 4mmol/l give a long acting carbohydrate (such as Bread)
Do not omit Insulin if due, just re-evaluate dosage

Question 11

Describe the management of an UNCONSCIOUS Hypoglycaemic patient

Answer 11

1mg IM Glucagon
If no response within 10 minutes then give IV 10% Glucose infusion
After Glucose has risen above 4mmol/l give a long acting carbohydrate (such as Bread)
Do not omit Insulin if due, just re-evaluate dosage

Question 12

State the dose of Diazepam in Status Epilepticus

Answer 12

10mg, then another 10mg 10 minutes later if required (give at a rate of 5mg per minute IV)

Question 13

State the dose of Lorazepam in Status Epilepticus

Answer 13

4mg, then another 4mg 10 minutes later if requires (Slow IV into a large vein)

Question 14

State the dose of Salbutamol given in an mild/moderate asthma attack

Answer 14

5mg Nebulised every 15 mins

Question 15

State the dose of Salbutamol given in a severe asthma attack

Answer 15

5mg Nebulised back to back

Question 16

What dose of Prednisolone is given in an acute Asthma Attack?

Answer 16

40mg PO

alternatively IV Hydrocortisone 100mg every 6hrs

Question 17

What dose of Morphine is given to control Acute Pain?

Answer 17

10mg every 4 hours (PO, Subcut, or IM)

Question 18

What dose of Morphine is given to control Chronic Pain?

Answer 18

5-10mg every 4 hours (PO, Subcut, or IM)

Question 19

What doses of Naloxone are given in Opioid Overdose?

Answer 19

Initially 400mcg, then up to 2 doses of 800mcg (1 minute apart), can then increase to 2mg for one further dose (IV)

Question 20

Describe DKA Management

Answer 20

1) 0.9% Saline Bolus
2) 50 units act rapid in 50ml fluid, rate of 0.1 units/kg/hr
3) Consider adding K+ to second bag of fluid

Once glucose <14 mmol/l start dextrose infusion