Year 3 Flashcards
Define health promotion
an overarching principle/activity which enhances health and includes disease prevention, health education and health protection. It may be planned or opportunistic
Define health education
an activity involving communication with individuals or groups aimed at changing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and behaviour in a direction which is conducive to improvements in health.
Define health protection
involves collective activities directed at factors which are beyond the control of the individual. Health protection activities tend to be regulations or policies, or voluntary codes of practice aimed at the prevention of ill health or the positive enhancement of well-being.
What is empowerment?
Empowerment refers to the generation of power in those individuals and groups which previously considered themselves to be unable to control situations or act on the basis of their choices.
What can empowerment result in?
- An ability to resist social pressure.
- An ability to utilise effective coping strategies when faced by an unhealthy environment.
- A heightened consciousness of action.
Describe the stages of the circle of change.
Precontemplation Contemplation Action Maintenance (Regression) Mainting healthier lifestyle
What is primary prevention?
Measures taken to prevent onset of illness or injury
Reduces probability and or severity of illness e.g smoking cessation, or immunisation
What is used in secondary prevention?
Screening: detection of disease at an early stage in order to cure, prevent, lessen symptomatology
What conditions are screened for in the UK?
Cancers: bowel,breast, cervical AAA Diabetic retinopathy Pregnancy Neonatal
Describe what Wilson’s criteria states about a disease that is being screened for.
Should be an important health problem
Natural history should be understood
Recognised latent stage or early pre-symptomatic stage
What does the Wilson criteria say about the test used in screening?
There should be a suitable test or examination
The test should be acceptable to the population.
The cost of case- finding should be economically balanced in relation to possible expenditure on medical care as a whole
The test should be sensitive and specific
Describe the Wilson criteria concerning the treatmetn of the condition screened for.
There should be an accepted treatment for patients with disease
There should be an agreed policy on who to treat as patients
What is tertiary prevention?
Any intervention after the disease onset that limits the effect of the disease e.g.
secondary prevention for stroke / MI, analgesia and physiotherapy for OA, OT
input for patients with MND or the provision of care support.
Describe the role of parenting on life long health.
◦Habits and lifestyles established in adolescence
◦Smoking is more than twice as likely if your parents smoke
◦Neglect and abuse recur.
What amount of exercise should teenagers obtain each day?
at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise daily for teenagers.
