Year 2

Question 1

What is an expert patient?

Answer 1

A patient (or carer of patient) who knows their condition better than a doctor. They are often useful in managing their own condition - a resource often overlooked in the past

Question 2

What are the three types of disability?

Answer 2

Body/structure impairment
Participation restriction
Activity limitations

Question 3

What do the disability terms mean?

Answer 3

Body structure impairment
- Abnormalities of structure - organ/system function
Activity limitations
-Changed function due to disability
Participation restrictions
- Disadvantage experienced due to a result of impairment

Question 4

What are the models of disability?

Answer 4

Individual/personal
Underlying pathology
Change in behaviour

Low wages
Housing
Social attitude change?

Question 5

What is a confounding factor

Answer 5

A factor which is independently related to both the disease and the exposure, distorting the relationship between disease + exposure
Age
Sex
Social class

Question 6

Sources of information for patients

Answer 6

TV
Internet
NHS websites
Leaflets
Friends/family
Adverts
Health magazines/articles

Question 7

Causes of disability

Answer 7

Congenital
Communical disease (infectious)
Non-comunical disease
Injury
Alcohol
Drugs
Mental illness
Obesity/malnutrition

Question 8

Aims of SIGN guidenlines

Answer 8

To provide advice to healthcare professionals
To improve patient centred outcomes
To reduce variations in care

Question 9

What is health literacy

Answer 9

People having understanding and skills to navigate healthcare systems

Question 10

Issues with ibuprofen

Answer 10

Increased risk of nephrotoxicity
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity
GI upset
Exacerbation of COPD

Question 11

Effect of disabled child on parents

Answer 11

Loss of income
Psychological strain
Difficulty bonding with child

Question 12

Effect of disabled child on siblings

Answer 12

May become carer
May be resentful at loss of attention
May resent being unable to lead normal family life

Question 13

Effect of disabled child on peers

Answer 13

May get greater understanding of disability
Stigmatism for children hanging around with child
May look out for disabled child

Question 14

Effect of disabled child on teachers

Answer 14

May have a lack of teaching to deal with child
May be overprotective
There may be additional challenges dealing with a disabled child

Question 15

What is prevelance

Answer 15

The total cases of a disease

Question 16

What is incidence

Answer 16

The new cases of a disease

Question 17

What is the criteria for screening?

Answer 17

Wilson’s criteria:
Condition should be important
There must be a recognisable early sign
The course of the condition should be understood
Cost for finding the disease should be balanced to later cases
Must be a suitable test
And must be acceptable to the population

Question 18

What is the aim of epidemiology?

Answer 18

Description
Explanation
Disease control

Question 19

What is relative risk?

Answer 19

Strength of an association between suspected risk factor and disease under study

Question 20

What are the sources of epidemiological data?

Answer 20

Mortality data
Hospital activity statistics
Reproductive health statistics
Cancer statistics
Accident statistics
Social security statistics
Drug misuse database
Health and household surveys
GP morbidity