Year 2 Flashcards
What is an expert patient?
A patient (or carer of patient) who knows their condition better than a doctor. They are often useful in managing their own condition - a resource often overlooked in the past
What are the three types of disability?
Body/structure impairment
Participation restriction
Activity limitations
What do the disability terms mean?
Body structure impairment
- Abnormalities of structure - organ/system function
Activity limitations
-Changed function due to disability
Participation restrictions
- Disadvantage experienced due to a result of impairment
What are the models of disability?
Individual/personal
Underlying pathology
Change in behaviour
Low wages
Housing
Social attitude change?
What is a confounding factor
A factor which is independently related to both the disease and the exposure, distorting the relationship between disease + exposure
Age
Sex
Social class
Sources of information for patients
TV Internet NHS websites Leaflets Friends/family Adverts Health magazines/articles
Causes of disability
Congenital Communical disease (infectious) Non-comunical disease Injury Alcohol Drugs Mental illness Obesity/malnutrition
Aims of SIGN guidenlines
To provide advice to healthcare professionals
To improve patient centred outcomes
To reduce variations in care
What is health literacy
People having understanding and skills to navigate healthcare systems
Issues with ibuprofen
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity
GI upset
Exacerbation of COPD
Effect of disabled child on parents
Loss of income
Psychological strain
Difficulty bonding with child
Effect of disabled child on siblings
May become carer
May be resentful at loss of attention
May resent being unable to lead normal family life
Effect of disabled child on peers
May get greater understanding of disability
Stigmatism for children hanging around with child
May look out for disabled child
Effect of disabled child on teachers
May have a lack of teaching to deal with child
May be overprotective
There may be additional challenges dealing with a disabled child
What is prevelance
The total cases of a disease
What is incidence
The new cases of a disease
What is the criteria for screening?
Wilson’s criteria:
Condition should be important
There must be a recognisable early sign
The course of the condition should be understood
Cost for finding the disease should be balanced to later cases
Must be a suitable test
And must be acceptable to the population
What is the aim of epidemiology?
Description
Explanation
Disease control
What is relative risk?
Strength of an association between suspected risk factor and disease under study
What are the sources of epidemiological data?
Mortality data Hospital activity statistics Reproductive health statistics Cancer statistics Accident statistics Social security statistics Drug misuse database Health and household surveys GP morbidity
